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Bell Work 8/29/13. On your desk you should have: Agenda (opened to PRIDE card) Interactive Notebook Pencil/Pen. What element is Group 1 and Period 4? Potassium 2. What is that element ’ s atomic number? 19 3. How many electrons does it have? 19 4. What is its atomic mass? 39.098
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Bell Work 8/29/13 • On your desk you should have: • Agenda (opened to PRIDE card) • Interactive Notebook • Pencil/Pen • What element is Group 1 and Period 4? Potassium 2. What is that element’s atomic number? 19 3. How many electrons does it have? 19 4. What is its atomic mass? 39.098 5. How many neutrons does it have? 39 – 19 = 20
What is a mineral? A mineral is a naturally formed, inorganicsolid that has a definite crystalline structure.
Mineral Groups • Everything on Earth is classified into various categories based on certain properties and minerals are no different!
2 Groups • Silicate Minerals • Nonsilicate Minerals
Silicate Minerals • Minerals that contain Silicon, Oxygen, and one or more other element. • Silicon and oxygen are the two most common elements in the Earth’s crust • Examples: quartz, feldspar, and mica
Nonsilicate Minerals • Minerals that do not contain a combination of silicon and oxygen. • They may contain carbon, fluorine, and sulfur. • Examples: copper, calcite, fluorite, corundum, gypsum, and galena
Minerals have 4 properties Solid • Cannot be a liquid, gas, or plasma. Inorganic • It is non-living. It is NOT alive and never was. Naturally Occurring • Found in nature, not man-made. Crystal Form • A definite structure in which atoms are arranged.
When trying to figure out if it is a mineral or not THINK SINC!!!! • Is it a solid? • Is it Inorganic(non-living)material? • Is it formed in Nature (not man-made)? • Does it have a Crystalline structure?
Wood THINK SINC!!!! • Is it a solid? YES • Is it Inorganic (non-living) material? NO • Is it formed in Nature (not man-made)? YES • Does it have a Crystalline structure? YES
Bell Work 8/30/13 • On your desk you should have: • Agenda (opened to PRIDE card) • Interactive Notebook • Pencil/Pen • What are the 4 properties of minerals? • THINK SINC!! • Solid • Inorganic • Naturally occurring • Crystalline structure 2. What are the 2 groups of minerals? List two examples of each. • Silicates – quartz, feldspar, and mica • Nonsilicates-copper, calcite, fluorite, corundum, gypsum, and galena
MINERAL! Gold
NonMINERAL! Fossil
MINERAL! Topaz
NonMINERAL! Bones
NonMINERAL! Granite
MINERAL! Quartz
NonMINERAL! Pearls
MINERAL! Talc
MINERAL! Icebergs
MINERAL! Diamond
NonMINERAL! Coal
MINERAL! Rock Salt
You now know how to identify if an item is a mineral!! NOW we need to learn how to identify specific types of minerals!!
Let’s get our READ-ON! Mineral Identification Chapter 1- Section 2 Pages 8 – 11
Mineral Identification: Chapter 1: Section 2 Pages 8-11 Let’s get our READ-ON! Color Mineral Identification Chapter 1- Section 2 Pages 8 – 11 • Read and outline Section 2 in your “IN” • Helpful hints: • Summarize each main section • Highlight vocabulary words and define them • Write down examples to help you remember Luster QUIZ Tuesday!!
Warm-up 9/3/13 • List the 7 tests used to identify minerals. 2. Put a star next to the test you think is the most reliable. Why did you choose that test? • Color • Luster • Streak • Cleavage and Fracture • Hardness • Density • Special Properties
Identifying Minerals • Geologists use 7 simple tests to identify minerals. • The tests are based on a mineral’s physical and chemical properties. • 7 tests • Color • Luster • Streak • Cleavage and Fracture • Hardness • Density • Special Properties
Color • Color-What does it look like? • Least reliable test to determine a mineral • Many different minerals have the same color • Minerals can weather and change color Beryl containing iron (Fe) = blue, yellow, or green Beryl containing Manganese(Mn) = pink or red Beryl containing Chromium(Cr)= green
Warm-up 9/4/13 1. Minerals are inorganic, what exactly does that mean? 2. List 3 other inorganic things: • 1. • 2. • 3. Inorganic = not alive and never were alive.
Luster • Luster-The way a surface reflects light. • 3 types of luster • Metallic- Bright and reflective • Submetallic – Dull and reflective • Non-Metallic- waxy, pearly, earthy, silky, vitreous, plastic
Streak • Streak-the color of a mineral in powdered form. • Rub a mineral across a piece of porcelaincalled a streak plate • Good indicator of a minerals true colorbecause the streak is not affected by air or water.
Cleavage and Fracture Cleavage and Fracture- Describes how a mineral breaks Fracture- the mineral breaks with a rough edge (uneven, curved, irregular) Cleavage- the mineral breaks along flat surfaces
Warm-up 9/5/13 • What is the difference between cleavage and fracture? • Draw an example of each one and label it.
Hardness • Hardness- a measure of the ability of a mineral to resist scratching • Based on a 1-10 scale called Moh’s Hardness Scale • 1 = easily scratched • 10 = resistance to scratching If I rubbed Quartz and Calcite together which one would scratch?