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For Web Site needs slide master change and proof reading

For Web Site needs slide master change and proof reading. Code set Diversity . Worldwide, there are more than 700 Code sets, 214 of which

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For Web Site needs slide master change and proof reading

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  1. For Web Siteneeds slide master change and proof reading

  2. Code set Diversity • Worldwide, there are more than 700 Code sets, 214 of which • UCIC’s basic distribution supports. While some sets do resemble others, Code sets in general bear remarkable diversity (and not merely structural diversity). For many new users (whose experience is often confined to a single Code set) the wide diversity between code sets can be perplexing. • These differing aims and code set construction guidelines are at the heart of the research Freedom-Group Does.

  3. Types of Code sets • Freedom-Group’ research of theses 700+ code sets made visible several types of code sets including: • Organic • Derivative • Synthetic

  4. Organic Code sets • Organic Code sets issue from a Code Issuing Authority (CIA) in official form and remain that way (even if, as often happens, countries or organizations translate the set to suit local language). Hence, an organic Code set exists inviolate, in precisely the same format as its CIA • released it.

  5. Derivative Code sets • A Derivative Code set is a code set which a second ­generation CIA (Competent Issuing Authority)issues after altering an Organic Code set. Most often, Derivative Code sets arise where CIA B (a government or trade bloc that did not author the original set) adopts an organic set for local use. For example, • many National Nomenclatures are merely more particularized (or derived) Code sets that originated abroad.

  6. Synthetic Code sets • Synthetic Code sets are code sets that a CIA synthesizes from two or more Organic or Derivative Code sets to produce a third. Hence, if a government combines NACE and ISIC (which some do), and offers this as the National Nomenclature, said government creates and issues a synthetic code set.

  7. Code Versions • A Code Version is an official version of a Code set. Hence, these are all • valid code versions: • CPA 2007 • NACE Rev.2 • UNSPSC 6.1101 • Most CIAs designate version by software­style versioning notation • (6.1101), revision (Rev.2), or date(2007). • Where a CIA uses other indicators and/or benchmarks, UCIC follows • that convention.

  8. Code Numbers • A Code Number is a numeric identifier inside a code set and version. For • example, in UNSPSC 6.1101, the code number for Cigarettes or Cigars • is 50211502.

  9. Code Coordinates • Code Coordinates indicate a concordance’s direction. UCIC supports • queries for several concordance direction types, including: • • Forward ­Forwards are concordances that indicate a time increase. Forwards travel forward in time (e.g., given an originating code from UNSPSC 1.0, a forward can travel forward to 8.0401). • • Horizontal – Horizontal concordances travel laterally from one set to others (e.g., to resolve codes from UNSPSC to CPC, CPA to Combined Nomenclature, and soon.)  • • Reverse ­Reverses concordances indicate a time decrease. Reverses thus travel back in time (e.g., to resolve a UNSPSC 8.0401 code to a destination of UNSPSC 1.0). • • Vertical – Vertical concordances travel up or down (to higher or lower versions) in the same set; they are thus analogous to Reverse lookups.

  10. Code Vectors • Code Vectors indicate a set’s aim. Freedom-Group has interacted with code sets of many vectors, • including: • DOES­A • HARMS­A • HAS­A • IS­A • USES­A

  11. DOES-A Code Vectors • DOES­A Vectors describe sets that refer to activities in various industries • (rather than products they use during such activities). A typical example • of a DOES­A vector arises in NACE, as the following snippet indicates: • 01.21 Farming of cattle, dairy farming • Strictly, cattle farming cannot arise without human intervention; thus, this is an activity, even if (as will sometimes occur), some codes identify cattle farming as a service. Typical DOES­A code sets include: • International Standard Industrial Classification • NACE • Standard Occupation Classification

  12. HARMS-A Code Vectors • HARMS­A vectors describe sets whose titles narrowly define products by • destructive capabilities. That is, HARMS­A Code sets identify products • that can harm a) human beings; or b) the environment. A typical example • is the European Waste Catalog, as this snippet suggests: • 06 01 02 hydrochloric acid • Well­known HARMS­A sets include: • European Waste Catalog (EWC) • International Maritime Dangerous Goods List • Material Safety Data Sheet • US HAZMAT List

  13. HAS-A Code Vectors • HAS­-A vectors apply to sets that identify attributes of products. As such, HAS­-A sets describe properties rather than the commodities themselves. Few bona fide HAS-­A sets exist. Most are in electronics (e.g., RNTD). • Note that sets which identify activities are not HAS­-A classifications. Thus, when addressing sets which marry two or more vectors (e.g., • commodities and services, such as UNSPSC), Freedom-Group identified these using simple rules (UNSPSC is both IS­-A and DOES­-A, strictly).

  14. IS-A Code Vectors • IS­-A Vectors apply to sets that identify products (IS­A is the most • common of all vectors). Such sets essentially declare that “This • commodity is a cow.” Popular, well­ known IS­-A sets include: • • Combined Nomenclature • • ProdCOM • • United Nations Standard Products and Services Code • Each set above identifies products unambiguously (which means that • they assign each product its own number and title). • For example: • 2936270 Vitamin C and its derivatives (CN) • 12162201 Ascorbic acid (UNSPSC) • 24415153 Vitamin C and its derivatives, unmixed (ProdCOM)

  15. USES-A Code Vector • USES­-A Vectors define skills or products which are common to specific professions. USES-­A sets are rare. • Examples are CIP (Education) and SOC (Occupation).

  16. Our Example is Hydrocortisone • The 9 code sets we have chosen to illustrate are: • ATC Anatomical Therapeutic Classification (WHO) • CN Combined Nomenclature (EU) • CPA Classification of Products by Activity • GCN Generic Drug Code (US) • HTS Harmonized Tariff System (USA) • NAICS North American Industry Standard Classification • PC ProdCOM (EU) • TSA Tariff Schedule of US (USA) • UNSPSC United Nations Standard Products and Services Code •  All nine sets codify a steroid (Hydrocortisone). However, their codes • (and the specificity of each) vary.

  17. A Key Understanding in Working With Code Sets • Because code sets overlap in domains but have different constructs, different focus and different mechanics, simply trying to cross walk them yields little intelligence and utility. In essence these code sets are the mechanisms by which we claim Economic Distance and Opacity are created

  18. Questions: info@freedom-group,org Tel 643-321-4320

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