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The Holocaust, Nuremberg, and the Creation of Israel

The Holocaust, Nuremberg, and the Creation of Israel. Presentation 4. The Holocaust. Hitler believed that Germans were the “master race” Hitler planned to destroy those he found inferior Jews were the main target of his brutality

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The Holocaust, Nuremberg, and the Creation of Israel

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  1. The Holocaust, Nuremberg, and the Creation of Israel Presentation 4

  2. The Holocaust • Hitler believed that Germans were the “master race” • Hitler planned to destroy those he found inferior • Jews were the main target of his brutality • Aimed to destroy/enslave others (Slavs, Gypsies, and the mentally and physically disabled)

  3. The Holocaust: • Genocide: The attempt to destroy an entire ethnic or religious group • Began by limiting Jews’ rights (Nuremberg Laws) and encouraging violence • Synagogues were set on fire & Jewish businesses were destroyed • Jews were forced to live in separate areas • Hitler finally set up concentration camps- detention centers where Jews were starved, shot, or gassed to death • By 1945- over 6 million Jews had died in what became known as the Holocaust

  4. Nuremberg Trials • Trials were held in Nuremberg, Germany for over a year (1945-46) • 22 surviving Nazi leaders were tried at the Nuremberg trials for • “crimes against humanity” • 12 Sentenced to Death/200+ Imprisoned

  5. Creation of Israel • Review: • Zionism: movement to establish a homeland for Jews in Palestine • Post-WWI - Palestine became a mandateof Great Britain • 1917 - Balfour Declaration promoted the idea of a Jewish homeland in Palestine, while protecting the “rights of existing non-Jewish communities.” • Post-WWII - The United States and many European nations felt great sympathy for the Jews after the Holocaust • Britain gave up its mandate in Palestine and turned over the responsibility to the United Nations • The United Nations, in a majority vote, divided Palestine into two states – an Arab state and a Jewish state • However, all of the Islamic countries voted against the partition, and the Palestinians rejected it outright • On May 14, 1948, Israel was officially an independent country

  6. Potsdam Conference - Germany is Divided • West Germany was occupied by USA, France and Britain set up democratic governments • East Germany & Eastern European nations were occupied by the Soviet Union and communist governments were established

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