Nazi intolerance of diversity – the Jews

1. Nazi intolerance of diversity – the Jews The main main events 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 Nuremberg laws Sept ‘35 Reichskristallnacht 9 Nov ‘38 Boycott of Jewish businesses

2. Nazi intolerance of diversity – the Jews 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 In 1933 there were 500,000 Jews in Germany The immediate seizure of power did not lead directly to directives in the ‘Jewish question’ There was independent SA action – concessions were made and on the 1 April there was a boycott of all Jewish-owned business

3. Nazi intolerance of diversity – the Jews 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 Summer 1935 The Saar had been returned to Germany, rearmament had begun, there was a feeling of bullish optimism. There were further outbursts of anti-Semitic violence; marriage laws were planned. 15 Sept 1935 – Hitler makes a speech to members of the Reichstag who came to Nuremberg, announcing the laws

4. Nazi intolerance of diversity – the Jews 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 Confusion and radicalisation: 1935 – 37 Administrative confusion – emigration approved by Hitler or not? Schacht leaves office ’37; Goring free to exploit Jews economically ’38 Jews forced to add ‘Semitic’ forenames to their own; property and wealth appropriated by Goring

5. Nazi intolerance of diversity – the Jews 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 Ernst von Ruth a diplomat in Paris assassinated by Herschl Grynszpan, Nov 1938. Used as an excuse for state-organsied violence: Reichskristallnacht. Synagogues and businesses attacked; 100 killed, 2.5 million RM of damage done. Orchestrated by Goebbels.

6. Nazi intolerance of diversity – the Jews 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 1939 A strengthening of the policy against Jews Coordination of policy through Goring; fine for Kristallnacht, more wealth confiscated. SS’s role becomes greater; expansion into Bohemia in Czechoslovakia brings 100,000 more Jews under Nazi control

7. Nazi intolerance of diversity – the Jews What was Hitler’s personal responsibility?