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The Impact of Communism

Explore the rise to power, policies, and legacy of Mao Zedong in China, including the Great Leap Forward and Cultural Revolution, shaping modern China's identity. Discover Mao's early life, communist ideologies, focus on peasants, and lasting impact on Chinese society.

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The Impact of Communism

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  1. The Impact of Communism In China

  2. 1949 It was a time of revolution, upheaval and bloodshed. The events of that period, and the first decades of communist rule which followed, forged the identity of modern China… ANair

  3. =The year the Communiststook control of China, withMao Zedongas the supreme leader. ANair

  4. Reasons for the Communists’ Success • Mao won support of peasants – land • Mao won support of women • Mao’s army used guerilla war tactics • Many saw the Nationalist government as corrupt • Many felt that the Nationalists allowed foreigners to dominate China.

  5. Who was MAO ZEDONG? • Founded the People's Republic of China • Leader of China since its establishment in 1949 until his death in 1976. • Mao’s ideas and philosophies regarding communism and Marxism are often referred to as Maoism. ANair

  6. Early Life • Mao was born on 26 December 1893 into a well to do peasant family in Shaoshan, in Hunan province, central China. • After training as a teacher, he travelled to Beijing where he worked in the University Library. ANair

  7. Introduction to Communism • Moved to Peking in 1918 and worked for a Marxist thinker. • Quickly became a strong believer in Communism and edited radical magazines, organized trade unions, and started schools of his own. • Became one of the 50 founding members of the Chinese Communist Party ANair

  8. Focus on the Peasants • 80% of all Chinese were peasants who lived a life of extreme poverty. • Mao’s idea was to turn the hidden peasant anger against the local rich as well as the foreigners, and “ give guns to anger” • He encouraged peasants to lead a revolution. • The support from the peasants helped Mao rise as a leader in the Party. ANair

  9. Life under Mao… 1.) Under Chairman Mao Zedong (as he was called) the government took complete control of the media and the education system. All land was taken away from the wealthy, and distributed among the people. ANair

  10. 2.) Mao’s Little Red Book Collection of quotations excerpts from Mao Zedong's past speeches and publications It was required for every Chinese citizen to own, to read, and to carry the Red Book at all times. ANair

  11. 3.) Great Leap Forward –1958-1966 • Goal to modernize China’s economy. • Develop agriculture and industry. • Mao believed that both had to grow to allow the other to grow. Industry could only prosper if the work force was well fed. ANair

  12. Communes • People were forced to live in communes. • Most contained about 5000 families. • People in a commune gave up their ownership of tools, animals etc., so that everything was owned by the commune. • People now worked for the commune and not for themselves. • Agriculture production declined. ANair

  13. The Communes ANair

  14. -to famine and death. The Great Leap Forward A manmade disaster ... starving children in Shanghai. Photograph: TopFoto Photograph: Topography/ TopFoto ANair

  15. The Great Leap Forward was held responsible for widespread famine and death in 1960 and 1961. About 30 Million people died of starvation. The failure of the Great Leap Forward led Mao to lose power for a time. He was still part of the government, but no longer had absolute power. ANair

  16. Great Leap Forward ANair

  17. Or backward… ??? ANair

  18. 4.)Cultural Revolution • Mao needed a comeback • He organized students and sent them throughout the country to spread his ideas andwipe out anyone who tried to oppose him ANair

  19. “The reddest, reddest, red sun in our heart, Chairman Mao, and us together” ANair

  20. Mao created an extremely effective propaganda campaign that again brought him back to power. ANair

  21. ANair

  22. 4.)Cultural Revolution • Revive the revolutionary spirit. • Get rid of the "Four Olds"which included oldcustoms, oldculture, oldhabits and oldideas. • Much of the cultural heritage was destroyed, including historical buildings. ANair

  23. A Campaign Against the “FOUR OLDS” • Old Thoughts • Old Culture • Old Customs • Old Habits To Rebel Is Good!

  24. Mao’s Red Guard The Red Guards: They're job was mainly to destroy the "Four Olds" so they destroyed antiques, books, buildings, monasteries, temples, etc. as well as killing or torturing teachers, school officials, intellectuals that taught old culture or didn't agree with Mao. ANair

  25. 'The teacher takes the student as the enemy and uses examinations as weapons to attack the student' - Mao ANair

  26. Propaganda Poster

  27. ANair

  28. DeathMao ruled China until he died on September 9, 1976 from Parkinson's disease. He was 82 years old ANair

  29. . Cultural Revolution ended with Mao’s death in 1976 ANair

  30. China after Mao…Deng Xiaoping (pronounced-DUHNG SHOW.PHING) • A new communist leadership led by Deng Xiaoping. • Took China to a new economic direction. “To get rich is glorious” Deng Xiaoping 1980 Leader of China ANair

  31. China/Mao Video • While Viewing …. Jot down 3-4 things you already knew and 3-4 things you learned from the video ANair

  32. Practice Regents Questions 1.)A comparison of the five-year plans of Joseph Stalin and of the Great Leap Forward of Mao Zedong would show that both leaders • encouraged individual rights and freedoms • implemented some aspects of capitalism • supported the involvement of wealthy entrepreneurs in the economy • focused on increasing industrial and agricultural output 4 ANair

  33. 2.) One reason Mao Zedong, Ho Chi Minh, and Fidel Castro rose to power was that these leaders • promoted capitalism and democracy • gained the support of the peasants • represented the interests of rich landowners • wanted their countries to stress religious values 2 ANair

  34. 3.) What was an immediate result of the Great Leap Forward (1958)? • independence of Kenya from Great Britain • the breakup of the Soviet Union • the relocation of Bosnian refugees • increased famine in China 4 ANair

  35. 4.) During the Great Leap Forward, Chinese peasants were forced to • join communes • move to the cities • convert to Christianity • attack the Red Guards 1 ANair

  36. 5.) Which Chinese leader is most closely associated with leading the Great Leap Forward and the Cultural Revolution? • Sun Yixian (Sun Yat-sen) • Jiang Jieshi (Chiang Kai-shek) • Mao Zedong • Deng Xiaoping 3 ANair

  37. 6.) Mao Zedong and some of the survivors of the Long March emerged as the core leaders in which country? • Angola • China • Cambodia • Nicaragua 2 ANair

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