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FISHIES!!!

FISHIES!!!. By: Gabby, Ali and Spencer (aka the cooliest ). General Characteristics. Ectothermic 2-Chambered heart Gills used for respiration No external ears No eye lids. Evolution and Phylogenetic Relationships. First known chordate First fish found were jawless

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FISHIES!!!

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  1. FISHIES!!! By: Gabby, Ali and Spencer (aka the cooliest )

  2. General Characteristics Ectothermic 2-Chambered heart Gills used for respiration No external ears No eye lids

  3. Evolution and Phylogenetic Relationships • First known chordate • First fish found were jawless • Jaws evolved from gill arches • Jaws gave them the ability to eat bigger prey and started the evolution into better predators

  4. Continued…

  5. AgnathaSubphylum Hyperotreti Class Cephalaspidomorhi • No jaw • No fins Skeleton made of cartilage • Round body shape like an eel • No swim bladder or gill cover • Soft scaly skin • Oviparous • Both marine and freashwater

  6. Class Chondrichthyes • Cartilage make up the skeleton • Body is covered with triangular placoid scales • Posses ventral subterminal mouth • Fins are stiff and non-flexible • Absence of swim bladder • Internal fertilization • Found only in marine water

  7. Class Osteichthyes • Bones make up the skeleton • The gills are covered with operculum • Swim bladder is present • Fins are made up of rays and spines • This species posses different types of scales • External fertilization

  8. Locomotion • Streamlined shaped body and mucoid secretions reduce friction between them and water. • Use fins and body to push against water. • Faster fish have a V-shaped tail, which reduces surface area that causes turbulence and interfere with movement. • They also have a swim bladder which is a gas filled sac that is used for regulating their buoyancy • Fish use electroreception to navigate by detecting electrical fields emitted by fish and other organisms

  9. Nutrition and Digestive system • Most predators • Some are filter feeder also • Prey varies tremendously • The digestive tract is similar to other vertebrates. • A stomach, which stores the food • Small intestines, where most enzyme secretion and food digestion take place • The cloaca is the opening used in excreting and digesting food, but is also seen in reproduction as an opening to sex cells

  10. Circulation and Gas exchange • All vertebrates have a closed circulatory system • Heart pumps red blood cells with hemoglobin in to a series of arteries, capillaries and veins. • Have a 2-chambered heart • Most fish have gills for gas exchange • The gills are made up of two parts: • Gill arches- the support • Gill filaments-lines of filaments extending from each arch and include vascular folds of epithelium (internal covering)

  11. Reproduction and Development • Fish can produce millions of eggs • Vast majority of those will not survive t o reproduce • Majority are oviparous, meaning the eggs develop outside the female from stored yolk • Fish use external fertilization

  12. Other Important Body Parts • Lateral-line system: consists of sensory pits that connect to canals that run just below the epidermis • Operculum- gill cover • Caudal fin: tail fin • Pelvic fin: fin under belly • Anal fin: fin near anus

  13. THE END 

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