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The Brain. WALT That there are distinct areas of the brain That each area has a different function. 27.5.2 Structure of The Brain. Longitudinal section through a human brain. Regions and Functions of the Brain - The brain is divided into 3 regions:
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The Brain • WALT • That there are distinct areas of the brain • That each area has a different function
27.5.2 Structure of The Brain Longitudinal section through a human brain
Regions and Functions of the Brain - The brain is divided into 3 regions: the forebrain, midbrain & the hindbrain
1. The Forebrain The cerebrum is divided into two cerebral hemispheres connected by nerve fibres The surface is folded to increase the surface area for increased co-ordination This is the centre for thinking, memory, reasoning, imagination, learning & voluntary actions
Map of the major regions of the cerebral cortex and their functions
Areas of the brain sensory areas receive impulses from the receptors; removal of these areas results in loss of the senses motor areas send impulses to the effectors; if these areas are damaged, no responses will be evoked; association areas correlate impulses from different receptors and assist in producing the appropriate responses
The Midbrain This includes the optic lobes for vision The floor is the hypothalamus essentialfor homeostasis: main controlling region for the autonomic nervous system; two centres (sympathetic & parasympathetic); controls complex patterns of behaviour such as feeding, sleeping; monitor composition of blood; acts as an endocrine gland
The Hindbrain The cerebellum: a centre for muscular co ordination and body balance The medullar oblongata: This is the reflex centre for controlling involuntary actions such as breathing, heartbeat, swallowing, coughing, sneezing, and salivation; Any damage of the medulla oblongata may lead to death
InternalStructure of the Brain -The grey matter: This is the outer layer of the brain and consists of nerve cell bodies only -The white matter: This is inside the brain and consists of nerve fibres only Remember--This is the reverse of the medulla oblongata & spinal cord, the distribution of grey and white matters is the reverse with the grey matter inside and the whiote matter outside