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2 nd Law of Thermo and Heat Engines

2 nd Law of Thermo and Heat Engines. Carnot Cycle is highest efficiency possible. Carnot Engine. T. hi. Q. in. Q. out. T. lo. Carnot Refrigerator. T. hi. Q. Hi. Coef of Performance:. Q. Lo. T. lo. T. Fossil Fuel. hi. Heat destination. T. lo. Space Heating - Furnace.

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2 nd Law of Thermo and Heat Engines

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  1. 2nd Law of Thermo and Heat Engines

  2. Carnot Cycle is highest efficiency possible

  3. Carnot Engine T hi Q in Q out T lo

  4. Carnot Refrigerator T hi Q Hi Coef of Performance: Q Lo T lo

  5. T Fossil Fuel hi Heat destination T lo Space Heating - Furnace Qlo ~ 90%QHi

  6. T Fossil Fuel hi Unused Heat T lo Electric Heat Electric Work Resistance heater (100%) ~30% of fuel Power Plant ~30% effecient Heat Destination

  7. Electric heat pump Heat Destination QHi Electric ~30% Efossil Heat Source (Earth)

  8. Summary for heating • Electric Heat ~30% of fossil energy • Furnace ~90% of fossil energy • Recycling power plant heat output (~70 % fossil energy; ~30 % fossil energy for work and light) • Heat pump ~300 % fossil energy

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