Association of California Airports ACA Annual Conference

1. Association of California AirportsACA Annual Conference Pavement Evaluation Pavement Maintenance/Management Plan (PMMP) September 11, 2014 Reinard W. Brandley CONSULTING AIRPORT ENGINEER 6125 King Road, Suite 201 Loomis, California 95650 brandley@rwbrandley.com (916) 652-4725

2. “We Are Throwing Too Much Money at the Symptoms Not Enough at Determining the Cause of Distress” ~Herman Bliss Reinard W. Brandley CONSULTING AIRPORT ENGINEER 2

3. There are Four Major Items that Need to be Considered in Evaluating a Pavement and Developing a PMMP: • Geotechnical • Surface Distress • Deep-Seated Distress • Frost Action Reinard W. Brandley CONSULTING AIRPORT ENGINEER 3

4. Geotechnical Studies – Applied Soil Mechanics • Pavement History • Pavement Section • Soil Profile – 200’ to 500’ Hole Spacing – 10’ to 15’ Deep • Testing • Soil Classification • Dry Density • Natural Moisture Content • Ground Water Table and Fluctuations • Strength – CBR • Consolidation • Swell Reinard W. Brandley CONSULTING AIRPORT ENGINEER 4

5. Geotechnical Studies – Applied Soil Mechanics • Tampa International – Expansive CTB Reinard W. Brandley CONSULTING AIRPORT ENGINEER 5

6. Geotechnical Studies – Applied Soil Mechanics Stockton Metropolitan Airport & Rio Vista Municipal Airport Swelling Soil Reinard W. Brandley CONSULTING AIRPORT ENGINEER 6

7. Surface Distress – Pavement Condition Survey Features that Cause Surface Distress: • Weathering • Environmental • Frost Action • Loading – Type and Frequency • Jet Blast • Fuel/Oil Spills • Geotechnical and Subgrade Problems • Type of Pavement Section Reinard W. Brandley CONSULTING AIRPORT ENGINEER 7

8. Surface Distress – Pavement Condition Survey Surface Distress Types: • Cracking • Shoving • Weathering • Raveling • Rutting • Fuel Spill Deterioration • Bleeding • Patching • Depressions Reinard W. Brandley CONSULTING AIRPORT ENGINEER 8

9. Surface Distress – Pavement Condition Survey PCI vs. Time Reinard W. Brandley CONSULTING AIRPORT ENGINEER 9

10. Deep Seated Distress Factors to use in Fatigue Analysis: • Pavement Section – Type and Thickness • Subgrade & Subsoil Stratification to 10’ to 15’ Depth • Modulus of Elasticity of Each Layer • FWD Back-Calculation (Slide #11) • Deflection Bowl (Slide #12) • Operations vs. Coverages • Traffic Index (Slide #13) • Failure and Criteria Reinard W. Brandley CONSULTING AIRPORT ENGINEER 10

11. Deep Seated Distress – FWD Deflections Reinard W. Brandley CONSULTING AIRPORT ENGINEER 11

12. Deep Seated Distress – FWD Deflection Bowl 12 Reinard W. Brandley CONSULTING AIRPORT ENGINEER

13. Deep Seated Distress – Traffic Indexes Reinard W. Brandley CONSULTING AIRPORT ENGINEER 13

14. Deep Seated Distress R. W. Brandley Fatigue Analysis 61-Year Performance Record FAARFIELD 4 to 5-Year Performance Record Reinard W. Brandley CONSULTING AIRPORT ENGINEER 14

15. Deep Seated Distress Comparative Study of Remaining Life Brandley and FAARFIELD Reinard W. Brandley CONSULTING AIRPORT ENGINEER 15

16. PMMP - Deep-Seated Distress – Brandley Fatigue Analysis 16

17. PMMP - Remaining Life – Brandley vs. FAARFIELD Reinard W. Brandley CONSULTING AIRPORT ENGINEER 17

18. Frost Action • Frost Heave • Spring Melt – Super-Saturation • Depth of Frost Penetration Reinard W. Brandley CONSULTING AIRPORT ENGINEER 18

19. PMMP - Brandley Test Hole & Pit Plan and Soil Profiles 19

20. PMMP - Surface Distress – Pavement Condition Index (PCI) 20

21. PMMP – Pavement Condition Survey & Rehab. Schedule Reinard W. Brandley CONSULTING AIRPORT ENGINEER 21

22. PMMP - Rehabilitation Plan – Each Unit Reinard W. Brandley CONSULTING AIRPORT ENGINEER 22

23. PMMP - Maintenance and Rehabilitation Schedule– By Year Reinard W. Brandley CONSULTING AIRPORT ENGINEER 23

24. PMMP - Maintenance & Rehabilitation Schedule– By Year 24