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Ian Stocks, Division of Plant Industry

Update on Whiteflies, scales and mealybugs new to florida. Ian Stocks, Taxonomic Entomologist Division of Plant Industry, Gainesville. Ian Stocks, Division of Plant Industry. Aleurodicus. 35 species Caribbean and Central America A. cocois A. pulvinatus (CR- Bahamas)

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Ian Stocks, Division of Plant Industry

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  1. Update on Whiteflies, scales and mealybugsnew to florida Ian Stocks, Taxonomic Entomologist Division of Plant Industry, Gainesville Ian Stocks, Division of Plant Industry

  2. Aleurodicus • 35 species • Caribbean and Central America • A. cocois • A. pulvinatus (CR- Bahamas) • FLORIDA: dispersus, dugesii, rugioperculatus • highly polyphagous, pestiferous • parasitoids present, variable efficacy (0-100%) A. rugioperculatus Pest Alert Ian Stocks, Division of Plant Industry

  3. Aleurodicusrugioperculatus: Aleyrodidae Rugosespiraling whitefly (AKA gumbo-limbo spiraling whitefly) • submitted samples often just with egg spirals • ♀’s may oviposit on a wider host range than is suitable for development • examine a wider area to see if nymphs or pupae are present • in palms, esp. common along midrib • control and biology research by Dr. C. Mannion, UF-TREC • massive quantities of honeydew, sooty mold and sticky wax • pools, cars, decks and patios Ian Stocks, Division of Plant Industry

  4. Aleurodicusrugioperculatus: Aleyrodidae Rugosespiraling whitefly; gumbo-limbo spiraling whitefly Hosts (DPI Database) ; ~60 species Distibution Ian Stocks, Division of Plant Industry

  5. Vryburgia trionymoides: Pseudococcidae • described from Kenya in 1961 • not recorded again until found in California, now locally established, common in grow houses • Florida: 2005, 2009- big box retailers in S. Florida • major infestations found in Spring, 2011 • Nassau Co., Duval Co. (big box retailers ) • risk assessment: unknown, but can kill a succulent if left untreated • very similar to citrus mealybug, co-occur (slight difference in body color, wax pattern) • look CLOSELY in rosettes and near stem Photo: Andrew Derksen, DPI Photo: Lyle Buss, UF Ian Stocks, Division of Plant Industry

  6. Vryburgia trionymoides Hosts Distribution Ian Stocks, Division of Plant Industry

  7. Phenacoccus multicerarii: Pseudococcidae • described in 2007 from specimens collected in 1949 from Caracas, Venezuala found in a museum collection, unknown host • not seen again until June, 2011, from multiple hosts at a retail nursery in Fernandina Beach (Nassau Co.) • trace-back initiated, nursery in Orange County identified and subsequently verified • recently collected specimens from Port Everglades Hosts Photo: Lisa Hassell, DPI Ian Stocks, Division of Plant Industry

  8. Phenacoccus multicerarii Photo: Lisa Hassell, DPI Photo: Lisa Hassell, DPI Photo: Ian Stocks, DPI Photo: Ian Stocks, DPI • 3.5 to 4 mm long • pale yellow- grey • light dusting of powdery wax • lateral filaments (wax protrusions along flank) • ovisac (cottony mass with eggs/ crawlers) • very similar to P. madeirensis, the madeira mealybug and P. solani complex (solani, solenopsis) • worldwide, many Phenacoccus are very destructive • not shy- very visible on plant Ian Stocks, Division of Plant Industry

  9. Planococcus minor: Pseudococcidae. Passionvine mealybug • Old-world species, now found almost world-wide • present in Caribbean, S. America and C. America since 1980’s • severe pest of many plant species: USDA watch-list • “Positively” identified in Florida in 2010 • found again in June 2011 at a nursery in Palm Beach County • impossible to distinguish between P. citri and P. minor in the field • will it be a pest? how widely distributed? • will P. citri parasitoids/predators find it to be a suitable host? • http://www.freshfromflorida.com/pi/pest_alerts/pdf/planococcus-minor.pdf Ian Stocks, Division of Plant Industry

  10. Passionvine mealybug ovisac lateral filaments multiple-stage aggregations Ian Stocks, Division of Plant Industry

  11. Phalacrococcus howertoni (Coccidae) croton scale 2010 2008 http://www.freshfromflorida.com/pi/enpp/ento/coccoidea_coccidae.html Hodges and Hodgson, 2010. Florida Entomologist Ian Stocks, Division of Plant Industry

  12. Current distribution Phalacrococcus howertoni croton scale • Miami-Dade Co.-57% of samples • Codiaeum variegatum-59% of samples • Burserasimaruba-7% of samples • 88 plant species • recently found in carribean • pest of limited distribution-quarantined when in nurseries • updated Pest Alert to be released soon Ian Stocks, Division of Plant Industry

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