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Plant Propagation by Division and Separation

Plant Propagation by Division and Separation. A subtle difference. Division plant parts were not intended to be separated (at least not immediately, perhaps by death) requires us to cut or pull plants apart Separation

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Plant Propagation by Division and Separation

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  1. Plant PropagationbyDivision and Separation

  2. A subtle difference • Division • plant parts were not intended to be separated (at least not immediately, perhaps by death) • requires us to cut or pull plants apart • Separation • Plant parts are formed with the intention of detaching (specific abscission zone) • plant parts detach naturally (although we may help)

  3. Reasons to divide • “Make” a bunch of new plants (propagation) • “Revive” existing plant(s) • Preserve certain characteristics (chimeras)

  4. Chimera

  5. Chimera • Single organism with two genetically different types of tissue • Sansevieria = periclinal chimera • never propagate true-to-type by cutting types or methods that require adventitious shoot formation

  6. Division • Stolons • “Runners” • Horizontal stem (usually above ground) • One of many stems • Often thin with long internodes • Develop plantlets at the nodes • Examples (Fragaria, Ajuga, Spider Plant, Cynodon, Zoysia) • Anytime you have roots or go into mist

  7. Division • Rhizomes • Horizontal, underground stem • The main stem • Often thick, white and fleshy • Has nodes and internodes • Examples (Iris, Canna, Water Lily, Johnson Grass, Sansevieria, Bamboo) • Iris = divide after flowering (ideally)

  8. Division • Tubers • Swollen stem • NOT a root i.e. it has nodes and buds • Examples (caladiums, oxalis, anemones, and potato, yam) • Divide early spring, 2 eyes per division

  9. Separation • True bulbs (tunicate) • Compressed stem enclosed by fleshy layers (leaves) • Offsets (splitting) • Produce new bulblets underground • Some (e.g.) Walking Onion topset bulbils • Examples (onions, tulips, and narcissus ) • Divide summer or fall (after flowering and the foliage has died back)

  10. Walking Onion bulbils

  11. Separation • True bulbs (imbricate) • Compressed stem enclosed by fleshy, scaly layers (leaves) • Offsets (splitting) • Scaling • Produce new bulbs [bulbils (above ground on the stem) & bulblets (below ground between scales)] • Examples (Asian Lilies) • Divide summer or fall (after flowering and the foliage has died back)

  12. Tiger Lily bulbils

  13. Separation • Corms • Squat, swollen stem with nodes and internodes • Storage • No fleshy layers (thin, dry) • New corm develops above the old one • Cormels • Examples (Crocus, Gladiolus, some Begonias) • Divide after foliage is spent

  14. Division • Offsets • Examples (Date Palm, Haworthia, Bromeliads, Aloe, many Cacti) • Provide proper conditions

  15. Division • Crowns and clumps • Examples (Ornamental grasses) • Divide during dormancy

  16. Division • Tuberous roots • Storage • Crown tissue (proximal) • Examples (Dahlias, Sweet Potatoes) • Divide (fall) after foliage, replant (spring), or produce slips • http://www.food-skills-for-self-sufficiency.com/sweet-potato-slips.html

  17. Division • Fleshy roots • Examples (Peonies, Daylilies) • Fall or spring

  18. Yam or sweet potato • http://aggie-horticulture.tamu.edu/archives/parsons/vegetables/sweetpotato.html

  19. Next week • Bring a sharp knife for grafting! • Bring apple scion wood if you have special varieties you would like to graft onto the M111 rootstock.

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