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Scientific Method

Learn the steps of the scientific method - observation, inference, hypothesis, and experiment. Understand variables, constants, and data analysis to draw conclusions effectively.

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Scientific Method

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  1. Scientific Method Chapter 1, pgs 12-18

  2. Notes • 1. Scientific Method- a series of steps used to solve problems • 2. Observation- information gathered with your senses • Sight, sound, touch, taste, & smell • 3. Inference- a conclusion based on an observation • Remember the “shoebox activity”

  3. Observation & Inference • The temperature of the glass of water near the window is warmer than the one on the shelf • The sun must have been shining on the water OBSERVATION INFERENCE

  4. Observation & Inference • The bell rang • It is dismissal time Observation Inference

  5. Observation & Inference • The clouds are very dark • It is going to rain Observation Inferernce

  6. 4. Hypothesis- a prediction or statement that can be tested • 5. Independent Variable- the experimental treatment • This is the factor that is different from the other group • 6. Dependent Variable- what is being measured or observed.

  7. 7. Constants- factors that STAY THE SAME in both parts of an experiment • 8. Control- part of the experiment that does NOT receive the experimental treatment • It is the group to which the experimental group is compared!

  8. Steps of the Scientific Method • Ask a Question or State a Problem • Observe & Infer • Hypothesis • Experiment • Analyze Data (Results) • Conclusion • Share Results

  9. Scientific Method- a series of steps used to solve problems • Ask a Question or Recognize the Problem- decide what you want to understand by performing an experiment

  10. Observe & Infer- gather information using your senses and make conclusions bases on what you observed. • Hypothesis- a prediction or statement that can be tested • It is based on observations, research and prior knowledge. • Often written as a “If …, then…” statement.

  11. Dependent Variable- the factor or part that is being measured or observed • Independent Variable- the experimental treatment • What is being changed during the experiment • The factor that is different from the control group.

  12. Constants- factors or parts of the experiment that stay the same in all parts of the experiment. • Control- part of the experiment that does NOT receive the experimental treatment (independent variable) • This is used to make comparisons and to see how the experimental treatment works.

  13. Analyze the Data- data can be numeric, such as measurements, or observations and descriptions. • Draw Conclusions- make a statement based on the data collected and state whether or not the data supports or rejects the hypothesis.

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