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History of Alcohol Vehicle Interlock Programs: Lost Opportunities and New Possibilities

History of Alcohol Vehicle Interlock Programs: Lost Opportunities and New Possibilities. Robert B. Voas and Paul R. Marques Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation Calverton, Maryland. Acknowledgements.

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History of Alcohol Vehicle Interlock Programs: Lost Opportunities and New Possibilities

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  1. History of Alcohol Vehicle Interlock Programs: Lost Opportunities and New Possibilities Robert B. Voas and Paul R. Marques Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation Calverton, Maryland

  2. Acknowledgements • This, as is the case on most of our work, is the product of a “augmented” PIRE team: • Dr. Paul Marques (PIRE) • Mr. Scott Tippetts (PIRE) • Dr. Dick Roth in New Mexico

  3. Managing DUI Offenders • Provide education/treatment to promote recovery • Control driving risk while recovery occurs---Incapacitation

  4. Incapacitation • Jail • Electronically monitored home confinement • License suspension • Vehicle sanctions • Interlocks • Alcohol monitoring

  5. Growth of Unlicensed Driving • Coppin and Van Oldenbeek • Ross and Gonzales • Texas Transportation Institute study • McCartt study • Delay in reinstatement studies

  6. Interlock Precursors: Measuring Driver Performance • WW II research on pilot performance • Driver performance research • Instrumented cars • Quick key • Eye movement • Alertness and fatigue measures

  7. Development of Interlock Equipment • Semi-conductor sensors • Fuel cell sensors • Borg Warner • Performance interlocks • Phase 1 units • Phase 2 units • NHTSA standards

  8. Development of Interlock Programs • Early “voluntary” programs • Mandatory Programs—Implementation and monitoring failures • Alternative sanctions to motivated installation • Conflicts between hard suspension interlock programs • Administrative programs • Post-reinstatement programs • Interlock requirement for posting bail

  9. Evaluations of Interlock Programs • Interlocks installed vs. suspended offenders • Interlock removed with suspended offenders • Interlock installed with period following removal • Random assignment: A test of the interlock license requirement • Individual differences • Limited information on crash reductions • Non-alcohol-related crashes

  10. Interlock Ancillary and Support Programs • SIP (Support Interlock Programs): Assisting the offender to conform to the program requirements • Use of interlock record to manage sentencing objectively • Use of the interlock record to manage treatment programs

  11. Current Program Issues • The “no car” problem • The “no driving” pledge problem • The alternative vehicle problem • The delay in installation problem • The interlock cost problem • Identification problem • Sanctions for circumvention • The reinstatement problem

  12. Policy Issues • Administrative vs. court-managed programs • Frequency of maintenance • Actions on high BAC attempts • Interlock program standard • State management of interlock providers

  13. Future Trends • Monitoring abstinence: Transdermal Systems • Monitoring abstinence: blood markers • Position location monitoring systems • Universal application of interlocks on all cars • Smart card key systems

  14. The End Thank you! Questions??

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