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Explore the dynamics of the microenvironment in a global economy. Learn about customer utility, competitive strategies, value chain, and cultural differences, essential for international marketing success.
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CHAPTER 4 The Microenvironment in an Era of Global Competition
Objectives • Understand microenvironmental four C’s • Discuss customer economic utility • Understanding various competitive strategies • Describe the value chain • Understand importance of global competition • Discuss global impact on the four C’s • Identify global cultural differences • Discuss structuring management for international marketing
Competitors Collaborators Customers THE FOUR Cs Company
The Four Cs: Company • Total organization • Interactive • Flexibility • Entrepreneurial approach • Intrapreneurial approach
The Four Cs: Customers - Economic Utility • Form Utility • Place Utility • Time Utility • Possession Utility
Form Utility Created by conversion of raw materials into finished goods or services.
Convenience store Place Utility Created by making goods and services available where consumers want them.
Time Utility Created by making goods and services available when consumers want them.
Retailer Consumer Possession Utility Created by transfer of physical possession and ownership of a product to a consumer
The Four Cs: Competitors • Levels • Product class • Product category • Brands • Type • Price • Form • Time • Location
Four Types of Competition Price-based Quality-based Location-based Time-based
The Four Cs:Collaborators • Alliances • Networks • Informal partnerships • Suppliers • Virtual corporations
Raw Materials Supplier Transportation company Components Supplier Wholesaler Retailer Service Supplier The Value Chain DOWNSTREAM UPSTREAM PRIMARY ACTIVITIES C u s t o m e r s Company
Core Competency “…is a proficiency in a critical functional activity that helps provide a company’s unique competitive advantage.” • Resource Concentration • Unique Value • Executed in-house • Competitive superiority
Global Economy Imports Exports
Price of beans in Columbia ? Wine production in France? Oil supply from Middle East & The Russian Federation? The Four Cs in a Global Economy: Company • Go/No Go • Competition is global
Cultural values Religious beliefs Trends Government “policy” Four Cs in a Global Economy: Customers
Four Cs in a Global Economy: Competitors • Intensified • “Home field” advantages • Japanese keiretsu • Tariffs and import quotas
Direct Investment Exporting Joint Venturing High Capital Outlay/Risks Low Four Cs in a Global Economy: Collaborators
The Four Cs in a Global Economy: Collaborators Central role of technology
Review • Understand microenvironmental four C’s • Discuss customer economic utility • Understanding various competitive strategies • Describe the value chain • Understand importance of global competition • Discuss global impact on the four C’s • Identify global cultural differences • Discuss structuring management for international marketing