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A comprehensive guide to identifying the different types of coral found in Hawaii, including reef builders, true stony corals, and non-reef building corals. Learn about their characteristics, common species, and their role in the ecosystem.
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Phylum Cnideria Class Hydrozoa-hydroids Class Scyphozoa- jellyfish Class Cubozoa- box jellies and sea wasps Class Anthozoa Subclass Hexacorallia- zoanthids, hermatypic corals Order Scleractinia- reef builders Order Zoanthidea- zoanthids Subclass Ceriantipitharia- tube anenomes, black corals, thorny corals Subclass Octocoralia- ahermatypic, octocorals, blue coral Order Helioporacea- blue coral Order Alyconacea- leather corals Order Pennatulacea- sea pen
“True” Stony Corals Hermatypic- reef building, zooxanthellae • Common species: • Acroporidae- table • Acroporidea- rice • Agariciidae- flat lobe, corregated • Faviidae- crust, ocellated • Fungiidae- humpback, mushroom • Pocilloporidae- lace, antler, cauliflower • Poritidae- finger, lobe, plate • Thamastreidae
Order Zoanthidea - zoanthids Zoanthus pacificus Palythoa tuberculosa - rubber coral
Order Scleractinia Family Acroporidae: rice coral Montipora patula Montipora flabellata Montipora verrucosa Montipora capitata
Order Scleractinia Family Acroporidae Table coral Acropora cytheria
Order Scleractinia Family Agariciidae: flat lobe coral, corrugated coral Flat lobe corrugated Pavona duerdeni Pavona varians
Order Scleractinia Family Faviidae: crust coral, ocellated coral Agassiz's Coral (Cyphastrea agassizi (Formally Leptastrea bottae) Cyphastrae ocellina Leptastrea purpurea
Order Scleractinia Family Fungiidae: Humpback coral, mushroom coral mushroom Fungia scutaria
Family Pocilloporidae: Lace coral, antler coral, and cauliflower coral Order Scleractinia lace Pocillopora damicornis antler cauliflower Pocillopora eydouxi Pocillopora meaandrina
Order Scleractinia Family Poritidae: Finger coral, lobe coral, Evermann’s coral, plate and pillar coral Porites lobata Porites evermanni Porites rus Porites compressa
Order Scleractinia Family Thamastreidae Psammocora stellata
Non Reef-Building Corals ahermatypic
Family Dendrophyllidae Orange cup coral Tubastrea coccina
Family Antipathiidae Black coral, wire coral, - not an octocoral Black coral Wire coral Both feed on zooplankton
Phylum Cnidaria • Class Anthozoa • Subclass Octocorallia • Order Alcyonacae- soft coral • Order Coenothyecalia- blue coral (not found in Hawaii) • Order Gorgonacea- sea fans • Order Pennatulacea- sea pens • Order Telestacea- snowflake corals
Soft coral Alcyonacae
Sea fan- Gorgonacae Sea pen- Pennatulacea
Telestacea Snowflake coral