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Seeking a Balanced Government for the Newly-formed United States

In search of a government that has the power to carry out its duties, while preventing concentration of power and considering the needs of all citizens. Desired attributes include maintaining individual rights, protecting states' independence, and ensuring fair representation. The Articles of Confederation and the challenges it posed are explored. The introduction of the Constitution's solution is discussed, emphasizing the importance of checks and balances.

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Seeking a Balanced Government for the Newly-formed United States

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  1. WANTED: A “Just Right” Government

  2. 1.Many former colonists feared losing their freedom to a new government. 2. The British government taxed the American colonists unfairly. 3. Many American colonists feared a powerful government. 4. The British government treated the American colonists harshly. 5. The new Americans made sure their new government could not take away states’ freedom and independence. 6. The new Americans made sure their new government did not have the power to collect taxes.

  3. Wanted: A government that… much power • Has enough ________ to do its job • Doesn’t give anyone too ______ power • Considers the needs of all _________ • Lets people have a ________ • Protects individual __________ states say rights

  4. In 1777, the Americans wrote their first plan for government in a document called the ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION

  5. The Articles of Confederation A confederation is a _________ of individuals _______ together for a _________. group united purpose

  6. The Articles of Confederation independent • Each state was _________________ and had its own ________________. • Each state would send _______________ to the “Congress of the Confederation.” • The Congress was the only ____________ government. There was no ___________. • In Congress, each state got _______ vote. government representatives central President one

  7. A Rocky Relationship Hey, this sounds great! Wait! Not so fast… • States get to keep their ______ and ____________ • No _____________ telling the states what to do • Congress had the power to create a _________ to ________all the states • Congress had no way to __________ its _______! • Congress had no power to collect _________ to pay for the military! • The Articles could only be _________ if ______ the states agreed! power independence enforce laws government taxes military protect changed ALL

  8. QUICK QUIZ! The Articles of Confederation

  9. Under the Articles of Confederation, a President would lead the country. Think About It  True  False 

  10. Under the Articles of Confederation, states would be independent. Think About It   True  False

  11. The Articles of Confederation were easy to change. Think About It  True  False 

  12. Under the Articles, states with more people got more votes in Congress. Think About It  True  False 

  13. Under the Articles, Congress did not have the power to collect taxes. Think About It   True  False

  14. Under the Articles, Congress could pass laws and force states to follow them. Think About It  True  False 

  15. The Articles of Confederation created the first American government. Think About It   True  False

  16. Large states were unhappy, because • with bigger populations, they thought • they should have more power. 2. The government under the Articles of Confederation could not collect taxes to raise money. 3. When a problem arose between states, there was nowhere to settle the dispute. 4. The Articles of Confederation did not create any courts. 5. The legislature created by the Articles of Confederation gave equal power to large and small states. 6. The government could not pay its debts from the Revolutionary War, and American lost standing with other nations.

  17. QUICK QUIZ! IRRECONCILABLE DIFFERENCES?

  18. Everyone thought the central government should have more power. Think About It  True  False 

  19. Some people were afraid states might lose their independence. Think About It   True  False

  20. Different states had different needs for government to meet. Think About It   True  False

  21. The states all got along with each other. Think About It  True  False 

  22. The government created by the Articles of Confederation had everything under control among the states. Think About It  True  False 

  23. A New Idea! Articles of Confederation New Idea 1 Branch Legislative—makes laws 3 Branches

  24. Battle of the Plans The Virginia Plan The New Jersey Plan • Legislative branch has ___ “chambers” • Number of votes for each state depends on the state’s ___________ • ________ states would have more power 2 • Legislative branch has ___ “chamber” • Each state gets ___ vote • ________ states would have more power 1 1 Smaller population Larger (Virginia was a large state, and New Jersey was a small state. Surprise!)

  25. The Constitution Solution Legislative: Makes laws Divide Congress Into Two Houses Executive: Carries out laws Judicial: Interprets laws

  26. QUICK QUIZ! the constitution solution

  27. The Articles required states to treat citizens from other states the same as their own citizens. Think About It  True  False 

  28. Think About It The Constitution requires each state to treat ________ of other states the ______ as it treats its own citizens. citizens same

  29. How many states had to agree in order for the Articles of Confederation to be changed? Think About It   All states  A majority of states

  30. The Constitution can be changed if ________________ of the members of Congress and ________________ of the states agree. Think About It two-thirds (2/3) three-fourths (3/4)

  31. The Articles of Confederation required states to follow the laws Congress passed. Think About It  True  False 

  32. The Constitution says that the laws passed by Congress are _________ to laws passed by the _______. Think About It superior states

  33. Under the Constitution, laws are made by the _______ branch. Think About It A B  executive legislative

  34. Under the Constitution, laws passed by Congress are ___ to state laws. Think About It A  B superior inferior

  35. Under the Constitution, Congress has ______. Think About It A B  1 chamber 2 chambers

  36. Under the Constitution, each state gets two votes in the _______. Think About It A B  House of Representatives Senate

  37. Under the Constitution, the number of votes each state gets in the House of Representatives is based on its _____. Think About It  A B Population Taxes

  38. Under the Constitution, a change to the Constitution must be approved by ____. Think About It A B  All States ¾ of States

  39. QUICK QUIZ! articles vs. constitution

  40. A) Created a president Articles, Constitution or Both? Both Articles Constitution Decide whether each statement applies to the Articles of Confederation, the Constitution, or both. A

  41. B) Created a government Articles, Constitution or Both? Both Articles Constitution Decide whether each statement applies to the Articles of Confederation, the Constitution, or both. A B

  42. C) Had one branch of government Articles, Constitution or Both? Both Articles Constitution Decide whether each statement applies to the Articles of Confederation, the Constitution, or both. A C B

  43. D) Had enough power to do its job Articles, Constitution or Both? Both Articles Constitution Decide whether each statement applies to the Articles of Confederation, the Constitution, or both. A C D B

  44. E) Created a court system Articles, Constitution or Both? Both Articles Constitution Decide whether each statement applies to the Articles of Confederation, the Constitution, or both. A C D B E

  45. F) Gave large and small states the same power Articles, Constitution or Both? Both Articles Constitution Decide whether each statement applies to the Articles of Confederation, the Constitution, or both. A C D B F E

  46. G) Created a Congress Articles, Constitution or Both? Both Articles Constitution Decide whether each statement applies to the Articles of Confederation, the Constitution, or both. A C G D B F E

  47. H) Compromised between large and small states Articles, Constitution or Both? Both H Articles Constitution Decide whether each statement applies to the Articles of Confederation, the Constitution, or both. A C G D B F E

  48. I) Created a military Articles, Constitution or Both? Both H Articles Constitution Decide whether each statement applies to the Articles of Confederation, the Constitution, or both. I A C G D B F E

  49. J) Didn’t let Congress enforce its laws Articles, Constitution or Both? Both H Articles Constitution J Decide whether each statement applies to the Articles of Confederation, the Constitution, or both. I A C G D B F E

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