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Exploring Protein Structures: From Primary to Quaternary

Dive deep into the intricacies of protein structures. Learn about primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary structures, as well as denaturation processes. Understand the bonds and interactions that shape proteins.

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Exploring Protein Structures: From Primary to Quaternary

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  1. Proteins Structures • Primary Structure

  2. Proteins • Primary Structure

  3. Proteins • Sequence of Amino Acids

  4. Proteins • Primary Structure

  5. Proteins • Secondary Structure - Alpha Helix

  6. Secondary Structure of Proteins • Alpha Helix - hydrogen bonds between amide groups.

  7. Secondary Structure of Proteins • Alpha Helix - hydrogen bonds between amide groups.

  8. Proteins • Secondary Structure

  9. Secondary Structure Proteins • Pleated sheet - hydrogen bonds between chains

  10. Shape from Bends, Folds and Loops • Tertiary Structure

  11. Tertiary Structure of Proteins • Hydrogen bonding between side chains • Salt Bridges between side chains

  12. Tertiary Structure of Proteins • Disulfide bonds between the cysteine - SH

  13. Tertiary Structure of Proteins • Hydrophobic - non-polar interactions

  14. Proteins • Primary Structure

  15. Quaternary Structure of Proteins

  16. Quaternary Structure of Proteins • Interaction of two or more chains • Collagen - triple helix

  17. Quaternary Structure of Proteins • Interaction of two or more chains • Insulin - two chains bonded by disulfide

  18. Quaternary Structure of Proteins • Interaction of two or more chains • Insulin - two chains bonded by disulfide

  19. Globular Proteins • Heme and Myoglobin

  20. Globular Proteins • Heme and Myoglobin

  21. Globular Proteins • Hemoglobin - 4 chains, 4 heme groups

  22. Protein Structure • Review the four kinds of structure - simple definitions.

  23. Proteins • Primary Structure

  24. Hydrolysis breaks primary sequence by splitting into amino acids • Review the four kinds of structure - simple definitions.

  25. Denaturation • Review the four kinds of structure - simple definitions.

  26. Denaturation • Review the four kinds of structure - simple definitions.

  27. Denaturation • Disrupt Hydrogen Bonding - alcohol

  28. Denaturation • Disrupt salt bridges - acids and bases

  29. Denaturation • Disrupt disulfide bonds - reducing agents, heavy metals.

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