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Physics CST Review

Physics CST Review. Preparing for tests Know when the test is! Make sure you leave time to study 24 hours before test– get good nights sleep . Don’t cram! Make sure you have all necessary supplies (pencil and calculator) Eat a good breakfast/lunch Try to exercise before a test

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Physics CST Review

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  1. Physics CST Review

  2. Preparing for tests • Know when the test is! • Make sure you leave time to study • 24 hours before test– get good nights sleep. Don’t cram! • Make sure you have all necessary supplies (pencil and calculator) • Eat a good breakfast/lunch • Try to exercise before a test • Arrive early, review summary sheet, relax!

  3. During Test • Listen carefully to all directions • Skim through entire test before you begin– budget your time • Go through entire test 3 times • First time– answer all questions you know • Second time– answer all questions you can logically figure out • Third time– guess at the remaining answers • Always read each question at least twice to completely understand its content • Take advantage of full time • Change answers only if you have a good reason to do so. Usually your first answer is right • Manage your anxiety

  4. Multiple Choice Tests • Choose your answer before you even look at the choices • Read all choices before answering • Use common sense in determining you answer • Select the most correct answer • Use answers from previous questions to help answer other questions

  5. A student does an experiment to measure the acceleration of a falling object, which is 9.8 m/s2 . The student obtains an experimental value of 14.6 m/s2. The reason for this variation is most likely due to A human error. B air resistance. C local fluctuations in gravity. D the mass of the object. 1

  6. A student does an experiment to measure the acceleration of a falling object, which is 9.8 m/s2 . The student obtains an experimental value of 14.6 m/s2. The reason for this variation is most likely due to A human error. B air resistance. C local fluctuations in gravity. D the mass of the object. • Solve by process of elimination • Unless you dropped a stone and a piece of paper, air resistance would not be a factor • Gravity does not fluctuate that much • Galileo showed mass does not affect rate 1

  7. The picture shows two objects that were dropped and recorded with a stroboscopic camera. The best explanation for the results is that object A A has less air resistance. B was dropped from a greater height. C has a greater mass. D accelerated more slowly. 2

  8. The picture shows two objects that were dropped and recorded with a stroboscopic camera. The best explanation for the results is that object A A has less air resistance. B was dropped from a greater height. C has a greater mass. D accelerated more slowly. • A stroboscopic camera is an instrument that takes a picture at small time intervals • You can see they started at the same height • Mass does not affect the rate • Acceleration due to gravity is a constant 2

  9. A student wires a series circuit that includes a block of rubber and a light bulb. She states that she does not expect the light bulb to light up when current is applied to the circuit. Which of the following best describes her statement? A It is a conclusion based on observed data about electrical phenomena. B It is a hypothesis based on knowledge of the theory of electrical phenomena. C It is a procedure based on her hypothesis about electrical phenomena. D It is a theory based on her observations of electrical phenomena 3

  10. A student wires a series circuit that includes a block of rubber and a light bulb. She states that she does not expect the light bulb to light up when current is applied to the circuit. Which of the following best describes her statement? A. It is a conclusion based on observed data about electrical phenomena. B. It is a hypothesis based on knowledge of the theory of electrical phenomena. C. It is a procedure based on her hypothesis about electrical phenomena. D. It is a theory based on her observations of electrical phenomena 3

  11. A student applied a constant force to a toy truck. A graph of the truck’s movement is shown below. Which of the following could best explain the change in velocity at time X? A. The truck’s momentum became greater than its inertia. B. The truck went from moving in a straight path to moving in a curved path. C. The truck began traveling up a slightly sloped surface. D. The truck went from rolling on a rough surface to rolling on a polished surface. 4

  12. A student applied a constant force to a toy truck. A graph of the truck’s movement is shown below. Which of the following could best explain the change in velocity at time X? A. The truck’s momentum became greater than its inertia. B. The truck went from moving in a straight path to moving in a curved path. C. The truck began traveling up a slightly sloped surface. D. The truck went from rolling on a rough surface to rolling on a polished surface. • Looking at the graph you can see that the v/t (acceleration) decreased • The only answer that would decrease this is C. 4

  13. The table shows the results of an experiment with a projectile fired from a spring gun. The results could be most easily interpreted if the data were • A. entered into a spreadsheet. • B. put into a database. • C. plotted in a histogram. • D. plotted as range vs. angle. 5

  14. The table shows the results of an experiment with a projectile fired from a spring gun. The results could be most easily interpreted if the data were • A. entered into a spreadsheet. • B. put into a database. • C. plotted in a histogram. • D. plotted as range vs. angle. Histogram- shows comparisons Database or spreadsheet shows a “bunch of numbers Plotting a line graph shows trends 5

  15. To create real-time graphs of an object’s • displacement versus time and velocity versus time, a student would need to use a • A motion sensor. • B low-g accelerometer. • C potential difference probe. • D force probe. 6

  16. To create real-time graphs of an object’s • displacement versus time and velocity versus time, a student would need to use a • A motion sensor. • B low-g accelerometer. • C potential difference probe. • D force probe. • When you see the words displacent vs. time and velocity vs. time you need to think MOTION • Potential difference has to do with electricity • Force probe has to do with weight 6

  17. How much time will it take for a person to walk the length of a football field (100 yards) at a constant speed of 5ft/s ? A. 20 seconds B. 33 seconds C. 60 seconds D. 166 seconds 7

  18. How much time will it take for a person to walk • the length of a football field (100 yards) at a constant speed of 5ft/s ? • You will need to change yards into feet so the units are the same. • 100 yards = (100 yards x 3ft/yard) = 300 ft. Rearrange and solve for t 7

  19. An object moves away from a motion detector with a constant speed. Which graph best represents the motion of the object? 8

  20. An object moves away from a motion detector with a constant speed. Which graph best represents the motion of the object? • Remember that velocity (speed) is defined as distance/time • If the speed is constant that means it stays the same (straight line) • Graph B(1/1=1, 2/2=1, 3/3=1, etc.) 8

  21. What event will produce the greatest increase in the gravitational force between the two masses? • A. doubling the large mass • B. doubling the distance between the masses • C. reducing the small mass by half • D. reducing the distance between the masses • by half 9

  22. What event will produce the greatest increase in the gravitational force between the two masses? Use the equations for Universal Gravitation. The distance (r) has the greatest impact on the gravitational force 9

  23. A student holds a book at rest in an outstretched hand. The force exerted on the book by the student is equal to the book’s A. mass. B. weight. C. volume. D. density. 10

  24. A student holds a book at rest in an outstretched hand. The force exerted on the book by the student is equal to the book’s A. mass. B. weight. C. volume. D. density. Remember that the force of the book on your hand is the force of gravity…..which is also called your weight 10

  25. A student attempts to measure the mass of a brick by measuring the force required to accelerate it at 1 m/s2 on a level surface. The force required is 2 N, and the student concludes that the brick has a mass of 2 kg. A balance shows that the mass of the brick is really 1.5 kg. The experimental error is most likely due to A gravity. B work. C friction. D inertia. 11

  26. A student attempts to measure the mass of a brick by measuring the force required to accelerate it at 1 m/s2 on a level surface. The force required is 2 N, and the student concludes that the brick has a mass of 2 kg. A balance shows that the mass of the brick is really 1.5 kg. The experimental error is most likely due to A gravity. B work. C friction. D inertia. 2N 1m/s2 Remember that friction acts in the oppositedirection to the force and would mean the real force would be less than 2N and thus the real mass would be less 11

  27. A 50-kg child on a skateboard experiences a 75-N force as shown. F = 75 N What is the expected acceleration of the child? A 0.67 m/s2 B 1.50 m/s2 C 6.70 m/s2 D 25.00 m/s2 12

  28. A 50-kg child on a skateboard experiences a • 75-N force as shown. F = 75 N • What is the expected acceleration of the child? Recognize that when you see mass (kg) and F (N), that this is probably a F=ma problem 12

  29. A ball is dropped from rest from a height 6.0 meters above the ground. The ball falls freely and reaches the ground 1.1 seconds later. What is the average speed of the ball? A 5.5 m/s B 6.1 m/s C 6.6 m/s D 11 m/s 13

  30. A ball is dropped from rest from a height 6.0 meters above the ground. The ball falls freely and reaches the ground 1.1 seconds later. What is the average speed of the ball? 13

  31. A 10-newton force and a 15-newton force are acting from a single point in opposite directions. What additional force must be added to produce equilibrium? A 5 N acting in the same direction as the 10-N force B 5 N acting in the same direction as the 15-N force C 10 N acting in the same direction as the 10-N force D 25 N acting in the same direction as the 15-N force 14

  32. A 10-newton force and a 15-newton force are acting from a single point in opposite directions. What additional force must be added to produce equilibrium? 15N 10N 5N 5 N acting in the same direction as the10-N force 14

  33. The figure shows a block that is being pulled along the floor. According to the figure, what is the acceleration of the block? A 2 m/s2 B 3 m/s2 C 4 m/s2 D 6 m/s2 15

  34. The figure shows a block that is being pulled along the floor. According to the figure, what is the acceleration of the block? • Start by calculating the net force (50 – 10 = 40N) • Then use F=ma to calculate the acceleration 15

  35. A soccer player kicks a 0.5-kilogram stationary ball with a force of 50 newtons. What is the force on the player’s foot? A 0 N B 25 N C 50 N D 100 N 16

  36. A soccer player kicks a 0.5-kilogram stationary ball with a force of 50 newtons. What is the force on the player’s foot? Remember Newton’s Third Law: For every action there is an equal and opposing reaction (same force in opposite direction) 50N 50N 16

  37. A student in a lab experiment jumps upward off a common bathroom scale as the lab partner records the scale reading. What does the lab partner observe during the instant the student pushes off? A The scale reading will remain unchanged during the entire time the student is in contact with the scale. B The scale reading will increase momentarily then will decrease as the student is moving upward from the scale. C The scale reading will increase during the entire time the student is in contact with the scale. D The scale reading will decrease momentarily then will increase as the student is moving upward from the scale. 17

  38. A student in a lab experiment jumps upward off a common bathroom scale as the lab partner records the scale reading. What does the lab partner observe during the instant the student pushes off? B The scale reading will increase momentarily then will decrease as the student is moving upward from the scale. 17

  39. A ball is thrown straight up and then falls straight back down. When it attains maximum height, the ball’s velocity is A equal to its displacement. B equal to its displacement divided by the time. C at its maximum. D at its minimum. 18

  40. A ball is thrown straight up and then falls straight back down. When it attains maximum height, the ball’s velocity is At the top of the trajectory the vertical velocity is zero At its minimum 18

  41. A communication satellite is in a circular orbit around Earth. If the speed of the satellite is constant, the force acting on the satellite A is zero. B is decreasing. C points toward the center of Earth at all times. D points in the direction that the satellite is moving. 19

  42. A communication satellite is in a circular orbit around Earth. If the speed of the satellite is constant, the force acting on the satellite Remember the the force acting on an object in uniform circular motion is always directed to thecenter of the circle 19

  43. A satellite that is moving in a circular orbit around Earth and maintaining a constant speed will experience a A. changing gravitational force toward Earth. B. net gravitational force toward Earth. C. changing acceleration away from Earth. D. net acceleration away from Earth. 20

  44. A satellite that is moving in a circular orbit around Earth and maintaining a constant speed will experience a As in the previous problem, the force is always directed to the center (net gravitational force toward Earth) 20

  45. The picture shows the circular path of a toy plane being swung around on a string. What path would the toy take if the string broke? 21

  46. The picture shows the circular path of a toy plane being swung around on a string. What path would the toy take if the string broke? 21

  47. A ball on a rope swings around a vertical pole. In which direction will the ball fly if released at the location shown? A. W B. X C. Y D. Z 22

  48. A ball on a rope swings around a vertical pole. In which direction will the ball fly if released at the location shown? 22

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