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Renewable Energy in India: Status and Future Prospects

Renewable Energy in India: Status and Future Prospects. “……the time is running out…soon, there will be nothing left to burn on earth but earth itself…”. Energy in India: An Overview. India consumes 3.7% of the world’s commercial energy making it the 5 th largest consumer of energy globally.

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Renewable Energy in India: Status and Future Prospects

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  1. Renewable Energy in India: Status and Future Prospects “……the time is running out…soon, there will be nothing left to burn on earth but earth itself…”

  2. Energy in India: An Overview • India consumes 3.7% of the world’s commercial energy making it the 5th largest consumer of energy globally. • Total installed capacity of 1,44,912 MW. • 350 kgoe per capita primary commercial energy consumption. 22% of world average. • Per capita electricity consumption: 600 kWhr per year. • About 80% of total rural energy consumption comes from non-commercial energy. • 84% villages electrified. 44% of rural households electrified.

  3. Indian Power Sector Source: Ministry of New and Renewable Energy

  4. Energy Consumption Trend

  5. Energy Scenario in India • Rapid economic development & Increasing population = High demand for Energy • A sustained 8% GDP growth of India requires an annual increase of: • a) Commercial energy supply from 3.7% to 6.1% • b) Total primary energy supply from 2.2% to 5.1% • Limited supply of COAL, coupled with its poor quality, low level of technologies advancements and high environmental hazards. • Limited domestic reserves and uncertain foreign supply of hydrocarbons.

  6. Why Renewable Energy for India? • Power shortage • Rising Prices of Oils & Gases • Ecological Hazards • Ample resources and sites available • Abundant sunshine • Government incentive • Increased financing options

  7. Benefits of Renewable Energy • Avoid the high costs involved in transmission capex. • Avoid distribution losses – Technical & otherwise • Avoid recurring fuel cost • Boost the rural economy • Encourage self help groups & self dependence • Enable village co-operatives to supply and / or monitor distribution • Make available much needed energy for basic needs at the doorstep at affordable prices.

  8. Installed Capacity from Renewable Energy Source: Ministry of New and Renewable Energy

  9. Current Focus • Promoting rural energy for productive uses and linked social benefits • Promoting renewable energy for rural electrification and industrial applications • Enhancing access of the rural poor to affordable and sustainable energy services • Supporting training and capacity building for manufacture, local assembly and maintenance of renewable energy technologies / systems • Organizing global forum activities and providing strategic expert advice on renewable energy technologies and energy policy planning and institutional framework

  10. Renewable Energy Deployment Source: Ministry of New and Renewable Energy

  11. India Renewable Power Potential Source: Ministry of New and Renewable Energy

  12. Commercial Energy Imports for 8% GDP Source: Energy Policy Report, Planning Commission, India

  13. India – An Attractive Renewable Energy Market • India has a large potential for energy generation by utilization of renewable energy source • MNRE has planed a target capacity addition of 10,000 MW during the 11th five year plan • 10% of annual power capacity additions to be from Renewable between 2003-2012 • As per the E&Y’s renewable energy index, which takes into account various factors governing renewable energy growth in a country, India is ranked 3rd overall. • High potential for development across various renewable source

  14. Indian Wind Energy Sector Overview CURRENT SCENARIO • 4th largest producers of wind energy in the world. • India’s current installed wind capacity is 8.7 GW (approx. 10% of the world’s total installed capacity). • Capacity growth has been strong with a 22% CAGR over last decade. • Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra & Karnataka are the leaders in wind capacity.

  15. Indian Wind Energy Sector Overview FUTURE POTENTIAL • Cumulative installed capacity is expected to reach 12 GW by 2010. • Generation based subsidy of Rs 0.50per unit recently announced for 10 years (limit of 5 MW per developer and 50 MW in aggregate).

  16. Key Trend in India Wind Energy Industry • All players in India undertaking a Dual Role – Manufacturing & Developer • Various Indian Companies are looking to enter the sector • Infrastructure Developers • Electrical Equipment Manufacturers

  17. Indian Solar Energy Market Overview MASSIVE POTENTIAL OF INDIA • Huge potential for Solar Energy development in India • High sunshine days, abundance of sites make soalr energy an enticing prospect MARKET IN GROWTH STAGE • Installed manufacturing capacity has grown from a meager 10 MW in 2000 to a total of 335 MW by 2007. • India is now 7th worldwide in Solar PV Cell production • Generation capacities expected to pick up with generation linked subsidy announced by government

  18. Key Trends in Indian Solar Industry EXPANSION ACROSS THE BOARD • Various existing players planning Brownfield expansion. • Huge new Greenfield facilities being planned. KEY DRIVERS INCLUDE: • Low operating costs • Capital subsidy (20/25%) by government for large semi-conductor based units (for large investments above certain limits) • Possibility of Solar Energy development locally. • Public and private capital in abundant supply.

  19. Indian Hydro Power Sector Overview Potential for Hydro Power Generation • India ranks 8th in terms of hydro-electricity generated • Potential to provide energy in remote and hilly areas where extension of an electrical transmission grid system is uneconomical • Till now, 14 States have announced policies for setting up commercial SHP projects. KEY POSITIVE • Proven Technology • Low O&M Costs • High energy conversion efficiency (70%)

  20. Indian Hydro Power Sector Overview KEY DRAWBACKS • High gestation period • High capital costs (per MW) • Social Costs FUTURE POTENTIAL • Hydro capacity expected to reach 57 GW by 2012. • Small hydro potential is expected close to 15 GW. • MNRE has introduced subsidy schemes for SHPs up to 25 MW. • Well-established manufacturing base for full range and type of small hydro equipments.

  21. Biomass Energy Overview

  22. Indian Biomass Market Overview POTENTIAL • 20 GW of power may be generated from 300 MT of agro waste (currently produced) • 50% currently burnt in the open • Less than 3% potential realized • Can revolutionize pace of rural electrification. DRIVERS • Agro based economy • Large, Unexploited domestic resource • Favorably aligned regulatory environment • Simple technology • Power deficit across states CHALLENGES • Small sized • Dependence on agricultural output • Insecure raw material linkage • Shortage of equipment • Lack of cheap financing, both debt & equity • Currently, few focused biomass players

  23. Summary of Potential Returns in RE base Generation Projects • Given the comparatively higher cost of generating energy from renewable sources, necessity for financial support for the industry. • Government has introduced subsidies to make returns attractive for developers. • Indicative expected returns:

  24. THANK YOU By: PushkarShanker Department of Electrical Engineering Guru Nanak Dev Engineering College Gill Park, Ludhiana.

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