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Presentation on Semiconductor Fundamental

Shahjalal University of Science & Technology, Sylhet. Dept. of Electrical & Electronic Engineering. Presentation on Semiconductor Fundamental. Submitted by : MD. Jubayer Ahmed MD. Mehedi Hasan Tanvir Anjum A.S. Shakur . 2010338025 2010338019 2010338007 2010338013.

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Presentation on Semiconductor Fundamental

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  1. Shahjalal University of Science & Technology, Sylhet. Dept. of Electrical & Electronic Engineering. Presentation on Semiconductor Fundamental Submitted by : MD. Jubayer Ahmed MD. Mehedi Hasan Tanvir Anjum A.S. Shakur 2010338025 2010338019 2010338007 2010338013 Submitted to: Mohiuddin Munna Lecture Dept. of EEE SUST, Sylhet.

  2. Structure : • The atomic arrangement within a solid can be classified as follows • Amorphous • Polycrystalline • Crystalline

  3. Amorphous: • An Amorphous solid is a material in which there is no recognizable long-range order in positioning of atoms within the material. • Crystalline: • A crystalline solid is a solid material whose constituent atoms, molecules, or ions are arranged in an ordered pattern extending in all three spatial dimensions.

  4. Polycrystalline: • Polycrystalline materials are solids that are composed of many  crystallites of varying size and orientation.

  5. Unit cell • Unit cell: • The unit cell is a small box containing one or more atoms arranged in 3-dimensions

  6. The unit cell is represented in terms of its lattice parameters.

  7. On the cubic category there are three types of unit cells • Simple cubic • Body-centered cubic • Face-centered cubic

  8. Silicon Lattices • In Si (and Ge) the lattice structure is diamond lattice. • Diamond Lattice: • Similar to F.C.C but have four additional atoms. • Most of the iii-v semiconductors are diamond lattice. • Diamond lattice similar to zincblende structure.

  9. Fig: silicon lattice

  10. Fig: Diamond Lattice Fig: Zincblende Structure

  11. MILLER INDICES • The position of the planes or the direction of a vector in the lattice are usually described by three integers.

  12. HOW TO FIND MILLER INDICES. • Determine the intercepts of the plane intersecting the xyz coordinate.a1 – x direction, a2 – y direction, and a3 – z direction. • Take the reciprocals of the intercepts. • h = 1/a1, l = 1/a2, and m = 1/a3. • Reduce the result to the smallest integer. • ( hkl) – for single plane and {hkl} for a group of planes. • Negative Miller values are denoted by a bar • on top. Example - (ħkl). • Planes without an intersecting intercept are • taken as infinite planes (∞).

  13. Obtaining Ultrapure Si: • In nature Si is found in a various forms of silicon dioxide or silicates. • silicon the second most abundant element in the Earth's crust (about 28% by mass) after oxygen. • Czochralski process.

  14. Thank You

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