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Towards an integrated SST and Ocean Color dataset for coastal applications at Ifremer

Towards an integrated SST and Ocean Color dataset for coastal applications at Ifremer. Bertrand Saulquin & Francis Gohin. Introduction For the coastal environmental monitoring, different parameters such as the

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Towards an integrated SST and Ocean Color dataset for coastal applications at Ifremer

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  1. Towards an integrated SST and Ocean Color dataset for coastal applications at Ifremer Globcolour, Medspiration application, 21 November 2007 Bertrand Saulquin & Francis Gohin

  2. Introduction For the coastal environmental monitoring, different parameters such as the temperature, chlorophyll-a, turbidity are measured regularly on the French coasts since 1984. The application of the new Water Framework Directive (WFD), based on these data, tends to increase the number of stations. At the moment satellite data are not systematically used on coastal area. This come from historical problems in the satellite data such as atmospheric corrections (ocean colour), land effects (all sensors) … that led to some lacks in thedata on the shores or some problems on the quality of the retrievements. The developpement of regional or dedicated algorithms, associated with the increasing resolution of the sensors, tends to increase the reliability of the satellite in these areas. Globcolour, Medspiration application, 21 November 2007

  3. Chlorophyll Turbidity SST 3 Parameters available in situ and from R/S techniques One of Ifremer’s objectives is to compare systematically time series of in situ data and satellite data for these parameters atsome selected stations. These comparisons will be freely accessible using Web servers such as NAUSICAA and will allow us to validate our global and regional products (SST and Color) and help also our users to evaluate satellite data and in situ data compared to an average situation. Actions supported by : MARCOAST (GMES-Service Element, ESA funded) ECOOP (European Coastal sea Operational Observing and Forecasting System , FP6) Globcolour, Medspiration application, 21 November 2007

  4. Operational satellite products available at Ifremer, mean OC5 Chl-a and turbidityforOctober 2007. Globcolour, Medspiration application, 21 November 2007 Chl-a, Modis, computed with Ifremer regional algorithm. Also available SPM, Kpar, secchi depth, radiances… and Meris case1 and case2. Turbidity, Modis, computed with Ifremer regional algorithm. Chl-a Turbidity

  5. Operational satellite products available at Ifremer, meanSST of October 2007. • Merged SST products available at Ifremer: • Global Scale: • ODYSSEA Mersea Product. Globcolour, Medspiration application, 21 November 2007 Medspiration product: NOAA 18, NAR SST

  6. The Ocean Color satellite / in situ experience at Ifremer for coastal waters. Globcolour, Medspiration application, 21 November 2007

  7. - The network is actually in an updating phase, with some displacements of existing stations regarding the representativeness in the water body, and the creation of new stations. REPHY: Phytoplankton and PhycotoxinsMonitoring Network More than 300 stations along the French coasts. • Regular measurements of temperature,chlorophyll, • turbidity, salinity, oxygenon all stations. • -Phytoplankton determination and toxicity measurments at some of the stations. Globcolour, Medspiration application, 21 November 2007 These coastal in situ data are the base for the coastal environmental policies

  8. A privileged link has been established between the in situ networks and the Dyneco/LOS departments at Ifremer for the Water Framework Directive. National in situ networks REPHY: phytoplankton & hydrology / Ifremer SOMLIT: hydrology / CNRS-INSU Globcolour, Medspiration application, 21 November 2007

  9. Regional Chl-a algorithm validation at the network stations Boulogne point 2, SeaWIFS OC5 vs In situ 1999-2004 Boulogne point 2, MODIS OC5 vs In situ 2003-2005

  10. Regional Chl-a algorithm validation at the network stations Cabourg, SeaWIFS OC5 vs In situ 1999-2004 Cabourg, MODIS OC5 vs In situ 2003-2005

  11. Regional Chl-a algorithm validation at the network stations Cancale, SeaWIFS OC5 vs In situ 1999-2004 Other validation plots and publication available on demand. Cancale, MODIS OC5 vs In situ 2003-2005

  12. The latest image 5 days before departure of the CEFAS cruise (11th April 2007) shows events in the eastern North Sea in detail. The Oyster Ground SmartBuoy site is now located on the edge of a bloom, as shown by the increase in chlorophyll fluorescence on the 9th April (trace below). Combined use of GKSS ferry data and Ifremer remote sensing shows in detail the position of a large bloom north of the Dutch-German border (extract from Report CEFAS n°4)‏

  13. A future application for the satellite colour data in coastal area, the WFD directive?

  14. The SST experience at Ifremer for coastal waters. Objectives: -Determination of the average situations and trends. -Building an historical interpolated SST data set since 1986. -Provide some comparisons with the historical and real time coastal in situ data. Globcolour, Medspiration application, 21 November 2007

  15. The average SST(x,t) and trends have been modelled from AVHRR/Pathfinder and coastal stations in situ data (longer series than for ocean color). Globcolour, Medspiration application, 21 November 2007

  16. The temporal model for the average SST(x,t). FLAMANVILLE 95.2% of variance explained by 2 harmonics ROSCOFF 89.6% of the variance explained by 2 harmonics Globcolour, Medspiration application, 21 November 2007

  17. Parameters P0 and P1 calculated from AVHRR data (1986-2006) P0, average SST 1986 P1, warming slope SST(t)= P0+P1*t - P2*cos[2pi/365(t-P3)]-P4*cos[2pi/182.5(t-P5)]

  18. Parameters P2 and P3 P2, half amplitude of the first harmonic P3, phase of the first harmonic SST(t)= P0+P1*t- P2*cos[2pi/365(t-P3)]-P4*cos[2pi/182.5(t-P5)]

  19. Evaluation of the SST model over the périod 1986-2006 Globcolour, Medspiration application, 21 November 2007 Standard deviation satellite SST / model

  20. The model is used in the kriging procedure of the AVHRR data (1986-2006) and the Medpiration products (NAR) since the beginning of 2006. Example of kriging of a daily SST image (Medspiration NAR 18, 2007/11/07). Globcolour, Medspiration application, 21 November 2007 Time interval for the OI [-4days ,+4days]

  21. Resulting SST images for the NAR 18 image of the 07/11/2007 Daily anomaly Kriged SST Anomaly Globcolour, Medspiration application, 21 November 2007 Recomposed SST Daily SST

  22. Comparison between the SST model and a daily image, sample of the NAR 18 for the 08/11/2007 Globcolour, Medspiration application, 21 November 2007

  23. 1997-2006 Offshore to coastal temperature model. Validation of the satellite interpolated SST on the in situ observations at coastal stations Station of Wimereux. Globcolour, Medspiration application, 21 November 2007

  24. Satellite SST Satellite SST Kriged satellite SST Kriged satellite SST Statistical results, comparisons of kriged SST with in situ data. Station (sampling during the day) Station Nb match-ups Nb match-ups Bias Sat-Situ Bias Sat-Situ St. dev. Sat-Situ St. dev. Sat-Situ Nb match-ups Nb match-ups Bias Sat-Situ Bias Sat-Situ St. dev. Sat-Situ St. dev Sat- Situ Profiles data 1986-2006 Wimereux 1998-2006 11 20 -0.47 -0.47 0.43 0.92 50 105 -0.39 -0.29 0.84 0.44 Boulogne 1998-2006 16 -0.2 0.78 103 -0.43 0.98 Thermo-salinograph data 1986-2006 916 -0.23 0.51 5717 -0.17 0.51 Roscoff 2002-2005 3 -0.34 1.23 45 -0.1 0.49 Dunkerque 1998-2006 12 -0.23 0.57 57 -0.32 0.64 Globcolour, Medspiration application, 21 November 2007

  25. Towards the integrated SST, Chl, Turbidity approach for coastal monitoring. Globcolour, Medspiration application, 21 November 2007 A way to increase the user’s community is to show automatically the comparison of real time data at the stations: a difficult exercice.

  26. SST model POINT_3_Boulogne 2003 The solid line when available represent the mean in situ calculated over the period 1998-2005 and the dotted line the percentile 90. Globcolour, Medspiration application, 21 November 2007

  27. POINT_3_Boulogne 2005 The solid line when available represent the mean in situ calculated over the period 1998-2005 and the dotted line the percentile 90. Globcolour, Medspiration application, 21 November 2007

  28. Cabourg 2003 Globcolour, Medspiration application, 21 November 2007

  29. Cabourg 2005 Globcolour, Medspiration application, 21 November 2007

  30. Conclusions • 3 parameters, SST, Chl, Turbidity, are available in situ and by R/S for the monitoring of coastal waters for the WFD and in the spirit of GMES. • Daily graphs of SST, Chlorophyll, Turbidity, observations, historical average and Percentile 90, will be available at local stations through Nausicaa. Model outputs will be added to the graphs. • Historical SST data are provided by the AVHRR Pathfinder whose data has proven to be reliable even in the coastal waters of the English Channel. Real time SST will be provided through Medspiration. • We must develop the interactions with the user community concerned by the coastal waters satellite data. Contact: bertrand.saulquin@ifremer.fr http://www.ifremer.fr/nausicaa/marcoast/index.htm Globcolour, Medspiration application, 21 November 2007

  31. illustration of the warming for the English channel since 1933. Globcolour, Medspiration application, 21 November 2007

  32. Mean SST derived from the model for years 1986 and 2006.

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