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Wave Theory

Wave Theory . Wave Measurements. Compressional waves: the energy and motion in the same direction. Transverse waves: the energy and motion are placed at 90 degrees to each other. Characteristics of Waves. Period (T) The time it takes for motion to repeat itself in seconds

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Wave Theory

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  1. Wave Theory

  2. Wave Measurements Compressional waves: the energy and motion in the same direction Transverse waves: the energy and motion are placed at 90 degrees to each other.

  3. Characteristics of Waves • Period (T) The time it takes for motion to repeat itself in seconds • Frequency (F) The number of times the wave repeats in a second. Measured in Hertz (Hz) • Amplitude (A) the power or size of the wave. Measured by the displacement from the “rest” position

  4. Wave Locations • Trough: Maximum downward Displacement • Crest: Maximum Upward Displacement • Compression: minimum separation • Rarefactions: maximum separation

  5. Speed Of a Wave • Wavelength: Distance Between two successive points that are in phase. (l) • Velocity(v) of a wave= Frequency (f) times the wavelength (l)

  6. Sample Problem • What is the wavelength of a sound wave whose speed is 330 m/s and whose frequency is 660 Hz. • V = fl • = v/f 330m/s / 660 s-1 l = .5 m

  7. When a wavetravels to a new medium, part of the wave is redirected at the same frequency at the same angle from the normal to the surface of the redirection. Reflection

  8. Refraction • When a wavetravels from onemedium to a second medium, The original wave is redirected at the different frequency at the different angle (bend) from the normal to the surface. • The index of refraction determines the amount of change in frequency and angle. (bending the wave)

  9. Diffraction • The bending of a wave around an obstacle • The pattern of the frequencies are opposite to refraction

  10. Interference The Addition of waves can add (Constructive) or subtract (destructive). Standing waves are a result of waves combining in phase

  11. Interference of waves

  12. Summary • Waves are a pulses of energy through a medium • Waves properties: Speed, amplitude, wavelength, and frequency • Waves change through mediums by • Reflection • Refraction • Diffraction • Interference

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