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Economy

Economy. Lecture Objectives. 1. Distinguish between the diverse modes of economic organization 2. Distinguish between modes and means of production 3. Differentiate between forms of exchange 4. Describe potlatch and be able to identify how it functions at both the local and regional levels.

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Economy

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  1. Economy

  2. Lecture Objectives • 1. Distinguish between the diverse modes of economic organization • 2. Distinguish between modes and means of production • 3. Differentiate between forms of exchange • 4. Describe potlatch and be able to identify how it functions at both the local and regional levels. • 5. Describe the role of the economic anthropologist and identify potential research topics.

  3. Economy, Economics, & Anthropology • Economy • ____________________________ • Economics • The study of such systems • Economic Anthropology • Studies __________________________

  4. Economic Systems: Mode of Production • Based on production, distribution, and consumption • Mode of production: • _____________________________________

  5. Economic Systems: Mode of Production • Why would differences in mode of production occur between cultural groups practicing the same subsistence strategy? • ________________________________

  6. Exchange • What’s being exchanged? • _______________________ • Forms of Exchange: • Reciprocity • Redistribution • Market

  7. Media of Exchange Transactions of (or for) goods, services, or both Examples: _______________________________________

  8. Reciprocity • Foraging, horticulture, and pastoralism cultural groups • Everywhere groups exchange resources with other groups – Why? • _________________________________

  9. Reciprocity • Form of exchange used to _________________ • ______________________without the use of a ___________________________ • Several different transaction types • __________________________________

  10. Reciprocity • Reciprocity Continuum _____________ _____________ _________ What do you think the differences are between these 3 forms? Which forms are based on social ties and trust?

  11. Redistribution • Resources collected from many individuals (or groups) • ______________________________ • ____________________later draws from this pool/fund in returning public goods & services • ________________________________

  12. Trobriand Islanders Malinowski studied Trobrianders 1914-1917

  13. Trobriand Islanders

  14. Market Exchange Objects & services are exchanged “on the market” A __________________ B wants B _______________________ A _________________ of money that A and B agree upon A then uses the _____________________ goods from other people

  15. Economic Concepts • (Law of) Supply and Demand • Supply: ____________________________ • Demand: __________________________ • Together these influence _________, and so the ___________, of a good for sale.

  16. Economic Anthropology

  17. Economic Anthropology • Hybrid – allows for investigation of economic behavior as it is lived and practiced • ___________________________________ • Economic life described as being “based on the broader organization of society” (Herskovitz, 1965, 7)

  18. Economic Anthropology & Migration • Migration viewed as a dynamic process that responds to and is shared by broader economic, cultural, and social factors • Migration: • Movement of people through geographical space (Kearney, 1986) • Movement of people into and out of a specified territory (Payne, 2006)

  19. Economic Anthropology & Migration • Contemporary migrants: predominately workers • Spatial differentials in employment opportunities represent: • Lesser and greater levels of economic development __________________________________ _________________ _________________

  20. Lesotho

  21. Lesotho: Background Information • Reported by Cobbe (2012) and the CIA • Estimated population: _________________________ • 20th and 21st Century • Half of adult male population temporary worked in South Africa • Heavlygeared at South African mines • How migration is experienced in Lesotho changed after the 1950s and, especially, after 1994 • Changes in South African law made it easier become a legal permanent resident • Male and female migrants today

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