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Physical Development and Care of Children ages Three Through Six. Objective 6.01. Physical Characteristics. Height – 2 ½ to 3 inches per year, boys slightly taller than girls Weight – 4 to 5 pounds per year, boys slightly heavier than girls. Posture and body shape.
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Physical Development and Care of Children ages Three Through Six Objective 6.01
Physical Characteristics • Height – 2 ½ to 3 inches per year, boys slightly taller than girls • Weight – 4 to 5 pounds per year, boys slightly heavier than girls
Posture and body shape • Becomes straighter and slimmer • Stomach flattens • Holds shoulders back and upper body more erect • Chest broadens and flattens with improved abdominal strength • Legs lengthen rapidly, growing stronger and firmer • Neck becomes longer • Balance and coordination improved • Hold arms near body when walking
Teeth • Permanent teeth (32) begin to come in • Teeth are lost in the same order they come in • Care of teeth • Regular tooth brushing and flossing • Dentists recommend parents assist children in hand ling toothbrush until age five • Regular dental checkups
Physical Care - Dressing • Encourage children ages three through six to dress themselves • Allow children to make clothing selections • Comfortable fabric • Room for growth • Easily distinguish front and back • Economical clothing • Appropriateness for occasion and activity • Safety – no loose cords • Group identification may become important • Flame – resistant pajamas
Physical Care - Grooming • Less interested in bathing • Praise the child for good hygiene habits
Physical Care - Nutrition • Proper nutrition is important • Adults should model good nutrition behavior • Choose snacks that are low in fat, salt, sugar, and calories
Physical Care - Toileting • Enuresis – bedwetting, accidents that occur in response to emotional or physical problems • Few accidents by 4th birthday • Usually occur because child is concentrating on activity in which he/she is involved
Physical Care - Sleeping • By age four, afternoon nap is usually given up • Need 10-12 hours of sleep • Still need bedtime routine
Physical Care - Immunizations • Hepatitis B • Diphtheria • Tetanus • Pertussis (whooping cough) • Polio • Measles • Mumps • Rubella (German measles)