RULES OF THE ROAD

1. Substance Abuse RULES OF THE ROAD

2. Substance Abuse • THE FACTS • HOW IT CAN INFLUENCE OTHER BEHAVIORS • WHEN IS IT A PROBLEM AND WHERE TO GET HELP IT CAN HAPPEN TO ANYONE!

3. Substance Abuse • STATISTICS • Alcohol is the most widely abused drug with about 1 out of 12 Americans abusing alcohol • 10 million young adults between ages 12-20 report using alcohol in the past month • 44% of college students report binge drinking in the past two weeks • 25% of college students report that their alcohol use has hurt their academic grades • 6% of college students a year develop alcohol dependence (“alcoholics”) • More than 600,000 college students are physically assaulted by another student who has been drinking

4. Substance Abuse • STATISTICS • About 70,000 college student rapes or sexual assaults involve alcohol every year • More than 1400 college students die each year from alcohol related incidents • The top two causes of death among college students are alcohol and suicide • The younger you are when you start drinking, the greater your chance of becoming addicted to alcohol at some point in your life. More than 4 in 10 people who begin drinking before age 15 eventually become alcoholics • In 2006, more than 19% of drivers ages 16 to 20 who died in motor vehicle crashes had been drinking alcohol. JURY IS IN--THE DEBATE IS OVER: ALCOHOL ABUSE IS HAZARDOUS

5. Substance Abuse • SOUTH CAROLINA STATE LAW • The legal age for consumption of alcohol is 21 years of age • DUI is defined as operating a vehicle (boat, auto, bicycle, or motorcycle) while under the influence of alcohol • SC Law states that a Blood Alcohol Content (BAC) level over .08% is considered legally intoxicated. • Result in fines, jail time, and loss of your driver’s license • Also, your insurance company may increase your rates or drop your eligibility to be covered • SOUND EXPENSIVE YET? FOR CADETS THIS IS ONLY HALF THE PRICE!

6. Substance Abuse • THE CITADEL ALCOHOL POLICY • No alcohol consumption or possession on Citadel property • Barracks, campus, Hagood Stadium, College Park, Beach House--REGARDLESS OF AGE Cadets may receive dismissal from the college for the following offenses: -alcohol use or possession on-campus, second offense -alcohol use off-campus that discredits The Citadel -DUI conviction

7. Substance Abuse • THE CITADEL ALCOHOL POLICY • Cadets may receive demerits, tours, and a mandated alcohol abuse evaluation at the Counseling Center for the following offenses: -alcohol use or possession by a minor off-campus -open alcohol container off- or on-campus -alcohol related disturbance --Cadets may receive demerits, tours, a mandated alcohol abuse evaluation at the Counseling Center, and a company transfer for: -alcohol use or possession by a minor on-campus -three or more Alcohol I offenses during cadet career -- MANDATORY CONDUCT REVIEW BOARD

8. Substance Abuse • THE CITADEL DRUG POLICY = ZERO TOLERANCE • Possession, solicitation, distribution, sale, or use of hallucinogenic, narcotic, or other drugs or substances, or of drug paraphernalia. This includes synthetic drugs such as K2, Spice, as well as other hallucinogenic substances, such as Salvia divinorum, which cause a loss of control or inebriation • Policy applies to all cadets ANY TIME OR ANY PLACE • Policy also applies to prescription drugs for which there is no prescription. You cannot share your prescriptions with anyone.

9. Substance Abuse • THE CITADEL DRUG POLICY = ZERO TOLERANCE -Illegal use, sale, possession or solicitation of drugs or drug paraphernalia including synthetic drugs such as K2, Spice, as well as other hallucinogenic substances, such as Salvia divinorum, which cause a loss of control or inebriation = Expulsion -Toleration of drug use = Expulsion -Bartering, trading, giving, soliciting or receiving prescription drugs with or from another cadet = Expulsion

10. Substance Abuse • High Risk Drinking: -PUTTING AWAY 5 DRINKS IN ONE SITTING (4 for a women) -Impairs academic performance– decreased cognitive skills -Impairs athletic performance– decreased motor skills -Can lead to alcohol poisoning- 300 college students die each year of alcohol poisoning

11. Substance Abuse • PHYSICAL EFFECTS • Muscular coordination decreased • Blood vessels dilate (flush face or red nose) • Irritation of the stomach lining: ulcers; cirrhosis of the liver • Decreases the ability to perform sexually • Causes constipation/diarrhea • MENTAL & EMOTIONAL EFFECTS • Relaxation • Disinhibition: reasoning and judgement are impaired • Depression and anxiety disorders • Binge drinking: grades decline due to state dependent learning • Aggression and violence: often associated with alcohol use

12. Substance Abuse • HEREDITY: Susceptibility to a chemical dependency increases if parents or grandparents had a chemical dependency problem. -25% of sons of alcoholics become alcoholics themselves in the future -5% of daughters of alcoholics become alcoholics themselves in the future • ENVIRONMENT • Stress • Physical or mental abuse • Friends who drink • Social acceptance

13. Substance Abuse • WHEN IS IT A PROBLEM? • Using illegal drugs or illegal use of prescription drugs anytime • Drinking in the morning • Drinking to get drunk or pass out • Drinking to avoid problems or relieve stress • Drinking at bad times: before class or driving • Drinking alone or hiding alcohol • High tolerance: need to drink more to get drunk • Memory loss: Blackouts • Mood swings/personality changes • Hurt yourself or others while drinking • School, family, social problems • Health problems • Family history of chemical dependency

14. Substance Abuse • COMMON DRUGS • Anabolic steroids • Cannabis or marijuana • Cocaine, crack, crank, ice • Hallucinogens • Narcotics • Depressants • Designer • Inhalants • LSD • Opiates or opiate derivative • Amphetamines • Stimulants

15. Substance Abuse • Prescription Drug Abuse --Narcotics: Oxycotin, Vicodin, Percocet, etc. • Often begins with pain relief from a chronic injury especially back pain --Depressants: Valium, Xanax, etc. • Often begins as sleep aid or for anxiety relief --Stimulants: Dexedrine, Ritalin, Adderall • Often begins as “study aid” to stay awake

16. Substance Abuse • DRUG PARAPHERNALIA • Marijuana/Hash pipe of any material, w or wo screens • Water pipes for marijuana, hash, cocaine or hash oil • Carburetion tubes, masks and devices, smoking masks • Roach clips • Separation gins for cleaning marijuana • Cocaine spoons/vials • Chamber pipes, carburetor pipes, electric pipes, air-driven pipes, ice pipes or “chillers” • Chilams • Bongs

17. Substance Abuse • At least 75% of sexual assaults among college students involve alcohol use • Alcohol clouds judgement • Alcohol can lead to misinterpreting a partner’s friendly behavior • Alcohol and drug use is not a defense for inappropriate behavior • Men and women are likely to drink more when away from home – alcohol use among full-time college students is GREATER than alcohol use among 18-24 year old individuals who are not enrolled in college

18. Substance Abuse • ROHYPNOL-- “ROOFIES”, “Date Rape Drug” • 10 Times stronger than Valium • Widely prescribed in Europe as a sleeping pill • Effects: appears drunk, muscle relaxation, slowing of psychomotor performance, and amnesia (memory loss and blackouts) • Rohypnol is illegal to import in the United States • Effects start 20-30 min after ingestion, will peak in 2 hours, and last for 8 or more hours (per 2 mg tablet) • Hoffman LaRoche, drug manufacturer, will pay for drug testing of women alleging rape • It can be detected for up to 60 hours

19. Substance Abuse • SYNTHETIC THC: SPICE/K2/SPACE/etc.This is not a drug to be taken lightly, users “are risking inducing psychosis, a mood disorder • Could lead to serious and potentially long-term mental disorders. • The patients experienced anxiety, depression, paranoia and hallucinations to include seeing “ghosts” and hearing imaginary voices • Unlike marijuana, the synthetic chemicals in spice-type products are more potent to the brain and other organs. • They bind themselves more permanently to those receptors, at 200 times the level of THC • It’s not yet known how long these chemicals stay in the body or what changes …happen to those cells, so it is difficult to know how they may harm the brain and the rest of the body • Chemicals in spice take longer to bind to those receptor cell • It takes longer for a spice user to feel the high than a marijuana user. • That causes more people to overdose on the substance • They will end up using a lot more thinking they might need more to get high

20. Substance Abuse • TREATMENT—Alcohol Dependence • Number 1 = Overcoming Denial • Initial Abstinence = Talking to someone • Long Term Abstinence = Treat coexisting mental and emotional problems • Keep drinker dry and avoid RELAPSE Recovery is a life-long process because the changes in the body chemistry make the individual forever susceptible to relapse

21. Substance Abuse • TREATMENT– Alcohol Abuse -Goals of treatment for may include learning risk management strategies and making more informed decisions, rather than abstinence -Focus may be on protecting people, both the cadet and others, from harm that results from alcohol misuse -Voluntary “treatment” at the Counseling Center is confidential– ask for help before you get in trouble with discipline system

22. Substance Abuse • RESOURCES ON CAMPUS • Citadel Counseling Center = 953-6799 • Citadel Infirmary = 953-6847 • Chaplain to the Corps = 953-5049 • RESOURCES OFF CAMPUS • Charleston Center= 722-0100 (24 hours/day) • MUSC Center for Drug & Alcohol Problems= 792-5200 • Palmetto Lowcountry Behavioral Health= 747-5830

23. Substance Abuse QUESTIONS?