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Sexually Transmitted Diseases: Chlamydia, Gonorrhea, Trichomoniasis, Syphilis, HIV

Sexually Transmitted Diseases: Chlamydia, Gonorrhea, Trichomoniasis, Syphilis, HIV. Dr. Nicholas Viyuoh, MD Board Certified OB/GYN Lock Haven Hospital-Haven Health Care for Women. Presentation contains graphic pictures of diseases. Chlamydia. What is it?

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Sexually Transmitted Diseases: Chlamydia, Gonorrhea, Trichomoniasis, Syphilis, HIV

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  1. Sexually Transmitted Diseases:Chlamydia, Gonorrhea, Trichomoniasis, Syphilis, HIV Dr. Nicholas Viyuoh, MD Board Certified OB/GYN Lock Haven Hospital-Haven Health Care for Women Presentation contains graphic pictures of diseases

  2. Chlamydia • What is it? • A vaginal infection of the bacteria Chlamydia trachomatis Normal Cervix Image from the Practitioner’s Handbook for the Management of STDs Mucopurulet cervix with inflammation, discharge, and ectopy (abnormal cells) due to infection with Chlamydia Image from The Practitioner’s Handbook for the Management of STDs

  3. Chlamydia • How is it transmitted? • Oral, anal, vaginally, and during childbirth • Chlamydia may be cultured from the throats of those who have had oral exposure from an infected individual • Symptoms—usually present within 2 weeks of exposure • Female: Vaginal discharge, burning with urination, painful intercourse, bleeding between menses • Male: Penile discharge, burning with urination Chlamydial infection within the lymphatic system of an infected male www.mc3.edu/sa/hpnc/nurstd/std.htm

  4. Chlamydia • Rates of Chlamydia by Age • Note: almost all cases of Chlamydia are college-aged • MOST FREQUENTLY REPORTED BACTERIAL STD! • Clinton County Rates (2004) from the PA dept of Health • 61 reported cases in 2004 in Clinton County • 21,385 reported in PA in 2004, exclusive of Philadelphia • Rate increasing 8.84%/year From the Center of Disease Control

  5. Chlamydia • Complications: • Females: PID, infertility • Males: epididymitis • Prevention: • Abstinence • Limit sexual partners • Condoms • Treatment: • Antibiotics • Doxycycline, Azithromycin, Erythromycin The bacteria that causes Chlamydia: Chlamydia trachomatis microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php/Chlamydia

  6. Gonorrhea • What is it? • STD cause by bacteria Neisseria gonorrhoeae • Very common STD • Signs/Symptoms—usuallypresent within 10 days of exposure • Males: Burning with urination, yellow/green/white discharge from penis, swollen or tender testicles • Females: often asymptomatic, painful urination, increased discharge Penile discharge in individual infected with Gonorrhea www.mc3.edu/sa/hpnc/nurstd/std.htm

  7. Gonorrhea • Complications • Females: PID, infertility • Males: epididymitis • Treatment: Antibiotics, although we are now seeing more resistance to antibiotics • Prevention: abstinence, limit number, condoms Cervical discharge in female infected with Gonorrhea http://medinfo.ufl.edu/year2/mmid/bms5300/images/b2.jpg

  8. Trichomoniasis • What is it? • STD caused by protozoan parasite Trichomonas vaginalis • Signs/Symptoms • Females: frothy yellow-green discharge with a strong odor, pain with intercourse and urination, vaginal itching • Males: irritation in penis, discharge “Strawberry Cervix” from T. vaginalis www.fpnotebook.com/ID211.htm

  9. Trichomoniasis • Complications • More susceptibility to other STDs and HIV • Prevention • Abstinence • Limit Sexual Partners • Condoms • Treatment • Vaginal or oral medication: Flagyl T. vaginalis, protozoa that causes Trichomoniasis isolated from culture http://www.tulane.edu/~wiser/protozoology/notes/intes.html

  10. Syphilis • What is it? • Bacterial STD caused by Treponema pallidum • Transmission • Have to have a sore to transmit, but sores may be hidden • Transmitted vaginally, anally, orally www.wales.nhs.uk

  11. Syphilis • Signs/Symptoms • May be asymptomatic for years • Primary stage: painless ulcer (chancre) lasting 3-6 weeks • Secondary stage: rash (not itchy), on palms of hands and soles of feet, swollen gland, weight loss, headaches. • Tertiary stage: internal organ (brain, heart, eye, nerves) damage, • End stage: paralysis, numbness, blindness, dementia, death pathmicro.med.sc.edu From the Practitioner’s Handbook of Management of STDs

  12. Syphilis • Diagnosis: • One of the 2 STDs that is diagnosed with a blood test (other is HIV) • The test is called an RPR. • Treatment: • Antibiotics in the primary or secondary stages • Prevention: • Abstinence • Condoms • Limit Partners http://www.anaisdedermatologia.org.br/_img/figuras_en/20060420193906.jpg

  13. HIV • HIV: what is it? • HIV: Human Immunodeficiency Virus • AIDS is Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) • Having HIV does NOT mean you have AIDS http://www.wellesley.edu/Chemistry/Chem101/hiv/HIV-1.html

  14. References • http://www.cdc.gov/std/stats/trends2005.htm • http://www.cdc.gov/std/default.htm

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