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Gaining from Migration: a Case Study on Greece. Migration and Development: A Euro-Mediterranean Perspective Rhodes 26 April 2007. Theodora Xenogiani OECD Development Centre. Occupation Sector of work. Employment, unemployment and participation rates Wages Job stability.
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Gaining from Migration: a Case Study on Greece Migration and Development: A Euro-Mediterranean Perspective Rhodes 26 April 2007 Theodora Xenogiani OECD Development Centre
Occupation Sector of work Employment, unemployment and participation rates Wages Job stability Labour Market Outcomes of Foreign Workers Contrary to the experience of Northern European countries, immigrants in Greece have higher employment and participation rates than natives
Occupation at Work • Immigrant workers are highly segregated in specific occupations. Half of them would have to change jobs for their distribution to be the same as that of natives • Half of foreign men are craft and related trades workers • 57% of foreign women are employed in elementary occupations • The share of foreign workers employed as managers and professionals has decreased substantially between 1993 and 2006
Sector of Work: Foreign Men Immigrants represent 26% of total employment in construction. Their share was only 3% in 1993 Source: LFS 2006b
Sector of Work: Foreign Women 71% of female domestic employees are foreigners Source: LFS 2006b
Labour Market Outcomes • Controlling for basic characteristics…: • Foreign men have higher employment and labour market participation rates than Greek men • Foreign men and women do not have higher than natives unemployment rates • But…both foreign men and women are less likely to hold permanent jobs
Foreign-Natives Gaps in Labour Market Outcomes Source: SILC 2004
Foreign-Natives Gaps in Wages Source: SILC 2004
Foreign-Natives Gaps in Wages • Substantial wage gaps between foreign nationals and Greek nationals, over the period 1999-2005 • Significant drop in wage gap after 2003
Understanding the Wage Gap The wage gaps between immigrant and Greek men are mostly explained by differences in the returns to their characteristics and not differences in their actual characteristics. The opposite is true for women.
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