Indonesia

1. Indonesia Craig Arrowsmith Teresa Chen Aaron Daniels Heather Hash Mandy Hon Nagisa Ishikawa Ellen Lindorff Michael Powers

3. Indonesia Basics: Blend of Hindu, Muslim and Chinese cultural traits Largest Muslim population 88% Muslim Low tolerance for uncertainty Cultural desire to control their world in order to eliminate or avoid the unexpected Rule-oriented with laws, rules, regulations, and controls in order to reduce the amount of uncertainty Inequalities of power and wealth have been allowed to grow within the society Risk adverse Business Context

4. Indonesia Basics: Collectivist as compared to Individualist Long-term commitments to “member groups” Leaders have virtually ultimate power and authority Business Context

5. Language Differences: Lost in translation… there is no literal translation for the word no “Yes” often means “No” in Indonesian society Smiling: can often convey embarrassment, nervousness, disapproval or other signs of distress Indonesians will sometimes give the wrong answer when confronted with a question they do not know the answer to in order to save face Business Context

6. Gifts: Gifts, though small, are frequently given Gifts are especially critical to sealing a deal, and presented after the negotiation begins, but well before the conclusion of negotiations Gifts are not opened when given. This practice shows the recipient is gracious, not greedy Do not give gifts or pictures that show dogs as they are considered unclean Business Context

7. Gifts - Chinese: A gift may be refused three times before accepting On Chinese New Year, give children and people you frequently deal with, who are not government employees, a gift of money The money must be an even number of new bills, and presented in a red envelope Do not give a knife, scissors, clock, handkerchief, straw sandals, an umbrella, a crane or stork, or the number four Stay away from the colors white, black, or blue Business Context

8. Gifts: Do not give Muslims gifts of alcohol or pork This would also include perfume since it is made with alcohol, and any leather product made from pigskin Do not give Hindus gifts containing beef or items made of cowhide Business Context

9. Bribery: Bribery is common at most levels of society and is known as 'facilitating payments’ Bribery expected Necessary to instill a “sense of urgency” among workers Business Context

10. Indonesian Government: Government officials are widely involved in business affairs Start with the relevant department and work your way to the top, rather than go straight to the man in charge Building relationships is essential The government tends to strike a balance by awarding contracts to different countries Political connections Partners help seal deals Frequent travel to Indonesia and meetings with government officials is an important way of showing continued interest Officials want to see your presence in, and commitment to Indonesia Business Context

11. Appearance: An umbrella in the rainy season is considered essential Jeans may be worn for very casual, but never shorts for men or women Social Protocol

12. Appearance For Men: Men should wear coat and tie until appropriate to dress more casually Follow the lead of those you are meeting with Men generally wear dark slacks, long sleeve and light colored shirt, and tie (no jacket) “Lounge suit" = business suit Men may find in a very casual business office that a short sleeve shirt and no tie is appropriate Social Protocol

13. Social Protocol Appearance for Women: • Dress conservatively • Formal business dress • Long sleeved blouses • Skirts and dresses below the knee • Neutral Colors

14. Greetings: Shake hands upon greeting and leaving, and always using your right hand Handshake should be limp and lasts 10-15 seconds Greetings should never be rushed. They carry importance and formality Use your right hand in all social encounters, never offer or receive something with your left Social Protocol

15. Greetings: Slightly bow your head upon greeting a guest or host Speak softly Allow superiors to precede you in doorways and at formal gatherings Muslim greeting: “Assalamo Alaikum” “May peace be upon you and may God's blessings be with you” Social Protocol

16. Business Card Etiquette: Offer your card with your right hand, your left hand supporting your right wrist. Your card will be received with both hands Time should be taken to carefullyread the card Never carry your business cards, or place another person's business card in a back pocket Print your business cards in English, with the reverse side printed in Indonesian Social Protocol

17. Titles: Address each person using his/her title plus full name Rank and status are very important in this culture Honorific title for Muslims who have made a pilgrimage to Mecca Haji for men Hajjah for women Mr., Madam, Mrs. or Miss is used if a person does not have a title People are normally called by their first name, as in Mr. Robert or Miss Susan, rather than using their last name Social Protocol

18. Eating Customs: Expect your host will pay when invited to dinner When eating or drinking, don't start until invited to Rise when your host/hostess enters the room Leaving food on your plate is impolite Eat all the food you are served Only use your right hand for eating, when touching someone, or handling money/papers Talking is impolite while eating dinner. Conversation is reserved for before or after the meal Social Protocol

19. Social Taboos: Keep both feet on the floor when sitting don't cross your legs Don't sit on a table or desk When pointing, use a generalized gesture of the hand Do not crook your index finger to call someone over. This gesture is offensive Never touch someone's head or back Be calm and subtle and don't rebut something or someone Social Protocol

20. Concept of Time Be on time for any meetings Indonesian business associates will probably arrive late. However, you are expected on time, and should never make any comment about the meeting starting late or any person arriving late Time is considered limitless Leisurely pace in all walks of life Hurrying is impolite Indonesians are not punctual, but expect foreigners to be on time Set tasks based on what is achievable rather than follow rigid schedules Flexibility and patience are critical to success To convey urgency, ask in person… with a gift Communication, Management, Decision-making, and Meeting Styles :

21. Behavior/Mannerism - General: Never allow your voice to get loud, whether in anger or joy Expressing emotion such as anger in public through tone of voice, loudness, or body language is always inappropriate Never eat while walking in public, or chew on a toothpick Yawning in public is inappropriate Cover your mouth if you must yawn Cultural Dimensions

22. Behavior/Mannerism - Women: Displays of overly aggressive, domineering behavior in women will not be well received Expected to be competent as men, however they must calmly assert their influence and authority in a firm yet restrained manner Do not offer a handshake to an Indonesian man Should a man extend his hand, always shake hands. Some Indonesian men may follow western business customs Cultural Dimensions

23. Behavior/Mannerism - Men: For religious reasons (Muslim and Hindu) men and women do not touch in public in this culture Do not offer to shake hands with an Indonesian woman Should an Indonesian woman offer to shake hands, accept Some Indonesian women may practice western business customs Cultural Dimensions

24. Questions?