The Sudanese Environment Conservation Society Forum DOHA COP 1 8 Outcome

1. Khartoum 03 –January 2013 The Sudanese Environment Conservation Society ForumDOHA COP 18 Outcome

2. Introduction • The Global climate change problem is a pressing challenge for the whole globe. • Recent scientific findings are among the most convincing highlighting that the climate change problem is a great threat for humanity . • International Energy Agency‘s “World Energy Outlook of 2012 showed that Global energy-related CO2 emissions increased by 3.2% in 2011 to reach a record 31.2 GtCO2. •   This year’s UNEP Gap Report estimated a 2020 Emissions Gap larger by 2 GtCO2e compared to last year’s Gap estimate. • Since 1980, droughts, extreme temperatures, floods, and hurricanes have caused an estimated 1.3 million deaths

3. All these disasters call for speed up global action towards addressing a low-emission future where everyone has the chance of survival and sustainable livelihood. • This makes Doha CoP challenging to result on a new path leading beyond 2020 • But must first resolve unfinished business from the Bali Road Map. • Decisions for the post-2020 regime must be guided by climate change science and impacts, Convention’s principles and provisions and, most importantly, by the lessons learnt under the current regime

4. Way to Doha • 2 Meetings in Bonn and Bangkok in preparation to Doha • Reasonable expectations after what have been achieved in Cancun and Durban • Main Issues were: • Amendments to Kyoto protocol • Closure of LCA (remaining issues, e.g. long-term finance) • Getting start with ADP (ambition, 2015 agreement) • Operationalization of new institutions • Implementation of Cancun and Durban decisions on adaptation, mitigation, finance, technology and capacity building

5. Kyoto Protocol Position and the COP Outcome • Urgency of finalizing all the issues related to adoption of the second commitment period of the KP • 2nd commitment period & Amendments adopted, but …. • Call on Developed Country Parties to the Kyoto Protocol to agree on a 5 year second commitment period, • 8 years instead of 5 years 2013 — 2020 instead of 2017 • Developed Country Parties to the KP to reduce their GHGs emissions by at least 45% below 1990 levels by 2020 and at least 95% below 1990 levels by 2050 • Commitment only 18% on average and up to 2020 but CP2 revisit and report their (QELRCs) by 30-04-2014 in order to increase their ambition ,presented to ministerial round table then report for adoption by COP/MOP at its 10th session

6. Call for closing loopholes and limiting use of carbon markets of Annex I Quantified Emission Limitation and Reduction Commitments (QELRCs) • Not yet agreed upon • Stress that participation of flexibility mechanisms are conditional on participation by Annex I Parties to a second period under the Kyoto Protocol; • All annex I may participate on ongoing CDM activities even registered after 31-12-2012 but only CP2 parties are eligible to transfer and acquire CERS • Only CP2 parties can participate in Joint Implementation and Carbon Trading Mechanisms, transfer, acquire CERs, AAUs, ERUs and RMUs

7. Carry-over of AAUs from the first commitment period should not be allowed • Australia, Japan, European Union and its 27 States, Norway, Switzerland, Monaco and Liechtenstein submitted political declaration not to purchase AAUs from the first commitment period • Loopholes created in accounting for land use, land-use change and forestry in the Kyoto Protocol; should be removed • No agreement till now

8. Call for the expansion of the share of proceeds to all Kyoto mechanisms; • 2% of the share of proceeds from CERs of CDM used to meet adaptation in Non – Annex I parties • 2% of ERUs and/or RMUs of Share of Proceeds of joint implementation mech. transferred to Adaptation Fund • LDCs exempted from share of proceeds •  Call for KP Parties not willing to continue for second commitment period and those Annex 1 parties not Party to the protocol to have commitments which are comparable with the commitments of Annex 1 parties which are part of the second commitment period • No decision those parties waiting for the new regime • Ad Hoc WG on KP fulfilled its TOR and terminated its work

9. ADP: the 2015 global C.C agreement and increasing ambition before 2020 • Governments have agreed to speedily work toward auniversal climate change agreement covering all countries from 2020, to be adopted by 2015, and to find ways to scale up efforts before 2020beyond the existing pledges to curb emissions so that the world can stay below the agreed maximum 2 degreesCelsius temperature rise.

10. ADP:the 2015 global C.C agreement and increasing ambition before 2020 • A work program in 2013to prepare the new agreement and to explore further ways to raise ambition. • Governments submission, by 1 March 2013, of information, views and proposals on actions, initiatives and options to enhance ambition. • Elements of a negotiating textare to be available no later than the end of 2014, so that a draft negotiating text is available before May 2015. • the UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon will convene world leaders in 2014 to mobilize the political will to help ensure the 2015 deadline is met.

11. LCA: Long-term Climate Finance • Developed countries have reiterated their commitment to deliver on promises to continue long- term climate financesupport to developing nations, to mobilizing 100 billionUSD both for adaptation and mitigation by 2020. • Developed countries to increase efforts to provide finance between 2013-15 at least to the average annual level of funding during the 2010-2012(fast-start). To ensure no gap in continued finance support. • Governments will continue a work program on long-term finance during 2013scale up mobilization of climate finance and report to the next COP on pathways to reach that target. • Germany, the UK, France, Denmark, Sweden and the EU Commission announced concrete finance pledges in Doha for the period up to 2015, totaling approximately 6 billion USD.

12. LCA: Operation of new the Institutions • Endorsed the selection of the Republic of Koreaas the location of the Green Climate Fund and the work plan of the Standing Committee on Finance. • The Green Climate Fund is expected to start its work in Sondgo in the second half of 2013, which means that it can launch activities in 2014. • Confirmed a UNEP-led consortium as host of the Climate Technology Center (CTC), for an initial term of five years. • The CTC, with its Network, is the implementing arm of the Technology Mechanism. Governments have also agreed the constitution of the CTC advisory board.

13. LCA: Adaptation • Governments have identified ways to further strengthen the adaptive capacities of the most vulnerable, also through better planning. • A pathway has been established towards concrete institutional arrangements to provide the most vulnerable populations with better protection against loss and damage caused by slow onset events such as rising sea levels. • Ways to implement National Adaptation Plans for least developed countries have been agreed, including linking funding and other support

14. Other Support for Developing Country Action • Governments have further clarified ways to measure deforestation, and to ensure that efforts to fight deforestation are supported. • Governments have completed a registry to record developing country mitigation actions that seek recognition or financial support. The registry will be a flexible, dynamic, web-based platform • A new work program to build capacity through climate change education and training, create public awareness and enable the public to participate in climate change decision-making has been agreed in Doha.

15. Thank you for the Attention