Let’s Review ! What plane of view do each of these pictures represent?

1. Let’s Review! What plane of view do each of these pictures represent? Transverse Sagittal Complete the handout on anatomical planes, axes and position

2. The Basic Movements of the Human Body

3. Body Position Terminology • The following terms will become like a second language for you. These terms are used to describe position of the body and will be used extensively when we talk about muscles and bones Superior-towards the top of the body (cranial) Inferior-towards the bottom of the body (caudal) Anterior- towards the front of the body (ventral) Posterior- towards the back of the body (dorsal) Medial- towards the midline(centre) of the body Lateral- away from the midline of the body Proximal- situated closest to the point of attachment Distal- situated farthest from the point of attachment Superficial- on or close to the surface of the body Deep- farther away from the surface of the body

4. THE Basic Movements of the Human Body The following words will build on the vocabulary learned yesterday. The basic movements of the human body occur around and because of our joints. You are expected to start using these terms frequently, because no longer do you “bend,” you “flex.” “Rolling” your ankle becomes an ankle “inversion.” And “pointing” your toe, will now be referred to as “plantar flexion” Flexion -bending the joint to reduce the angle between two bones. -occurs in the sagittal plane Extension -straightening a joint to increase the angle -occurs in the sagittal plane

5. Abduction -movement away from the medial plane -occurs in the frontal plane Adduction -movement towards the medial plane -occurs in the frontal plane Circumduction -a circular motion combining flexion, extension, abduction and adduction -occurs in all 3 planes

7. Internal (Medial) Rotation -moves anterior part of a limb medially (towards midline) -occurs in the transverse plane External (Lateral) Rotation -moves anterior part of a lim laterally (away from midline) -occurs in the transverse plane Pronation -rotation of hand; bring thumb towards midline; plam facing back -occurs in transverse plane Supination -rotation of hand; bring thumb away from midlein;palm facing forward -occurs in transverse plane

9. Dorsiflexion -movement of ankle to decrease angle between foot and lower leg -occurs in sagittal plane Plantarflexion -movement of ankle to increase angle between foot and lower leg -occurs in sagittal plane Inversion -medial border of foot is raised; sole of foot turned medially (inward) -occurs in frontal plane Eversion -lateral border of foot raised; sole of foot turned laterally (outward)

10. Protraction -moving in an anterior (forward) direction -occurs in sagittal plan Retraction -moving in a posterior (backward) direction -occurs in sagittal plane Oppostion -thumb comes into contact with another finger Reposition -return thumb to anatomical position

11. Elevation -raising up to a more superior position -occurs in frontal plane Depression -pulling down to a more inferior position -occurs in frontal plane Complete the activity: “Movements involving a joint” pg 5 textbook