1 / 6

THE FOUR MAJOR TYPES OF BIOLOGICAL MOLECULES

carbohydrates. proteins. amino acids (20 of them). simple sugars. which are made up of…. lipids. nucleic acids. nucleotides (A, C, T/U, G). fats & oils = glycerol + fatty acids. THE FOUR MAJOR TYPES OF BIOLOGICAL MOLECULES. carbohydrates (3 complex ones). cellulose.

hyman
Download Presentation

THE FOUR MAJOR TYPES OF BIOLOGICAL MOLECULES

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. carbohydrates proteins amino acids (20 of them) simple sugars which are made up of…. lipids nucleic acids nucleotides (A, C, T/U, G) fats & oils = glycerol + fatty acids THE FOUR MAJOR TYPES OF BIOLOGICAL MOLECULES

  2. carbohydrates (3 complex ones) cellulose major component of cell walls in plants starch sugar storage form in many plants found in arthropod (insects, crabs, spider) exoskeleton and is the major component of fungus cell walls … chitin …

  3. phospholipids: make up the plasma membrane of cells fats & oils: saturated vs. unsaturated lipids steroids pictures by Stephen P. Lahr estrogen

  4. image: http://www.the-piedpiper.co.uk/th8.htm proteins perform most of the functions in the cells (almost) all enzymes are proteins proteins can also make up physical structures (keratin in hair and nails; “crystallins” in the eye lens…) some proteins are released from cells and act as hormones proteins are composed of chains of amino acids (essential amino acids are the 8 amino acids we can’t make ourselves; we can make the other 12) the function of a protein is determined by it’s structure the instruction for which amino acids are strung together in what order comes from….. keratin DNA!

  5. nucleic acids the information carriers in cells (...and in viruses too) two different types: DNA(the molecule in chromosomes) and RNA(whose main role is communicating the information from the language of DNA into the language of proteins) nucleic acids are composed of strings of nucleotides (single strings in RNA, double strings in DNA) (just about) every cell in an organism has exactly the same DNA, when cells divide, they make (just about) perfect copies of the DNA mutagens (such as x-rays and UV) change the DNA sequence- this can cause the cells to change the way in which they make proteins. The result can be cancer or other health problems caused by the malfunctioning cells

  6. University of Ottawa Protein Crystallography Group

More Related