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Persian Literature

Persian Literature

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Persian Literature

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  1. History of Persian Literature -Old Persian- 522 BCE (Achaemenid inscription) -Islamic Conquest of Persia- 633 BCE -Sasanid State -Sasanian Empire- Sasanian Dynasty • scribes and/or bureaucrats -Persians wrote in both Persian (Farsi) & Arabic

  2. Persian Writing OLD PERSIAN

  3. Persian Poetry -form of “rubai” (quatrains) HAFEZ SAADI SHIRAZI OMAR KHAYYAM

  4. RUBAIYAT OF OMARKHAYYAM Background • Author: Omar Khayyam (1048-1122) -a Persian Mathematician, philosopher, astronomer and poet • Translator: Edward FitzGerald (1809-1883) - an English poet and writer -made five editions of Omar Khayyam’s Rubaiyat -first published in 1859

  5. SUMMARY • Subject: Life and Death • Theme: Carpe Diem (Seize the Day) 3rdrubai And, as the Cock crew, those who stood before The Tavern shouted – "Open then the Door! You know how little while we have to stay, And once departed, may return no more."

  6. 25thrubai Ah, make the most of what we yet may spend, Before we too into the Dust descend; Dust into Dust, and under Dust to lie, Sans Wine, sans Song, sans Singer, and — sans End!

  7. STRUCTURE • Alliteration 1st rubai 1- AWAKE! for Morning in the Bowl of Night   2 - Has flung the Stone that puts the Stars to Flight:   3 - And Lo! the Hunter of the East has caught   4 - The Sultan's Turret in a Noose of Light

  8. 4thrubai 1 - Now the New Year reviving old Desires.  2 - The thoughtful Soul to Solitude retires,  3 - Where the White Hand Of Moses on the Bough  4 - Puts out, and Jesus from the Ground suspires.

  9. Internal Rhyme 68th rubai 1 - For in and out, above, about, below,  2 - 'Tis nothing but a Magic Shadow-show,   3 - Play'd in a Box whose Candle is the Sun,  4 - Round which we Phantom Figures come and go.

  10. 64thrubai 1 - Strange, is it not? that of the Myriads who   2- Before us pass'd the Door of Darkness through   3 - Not one returns to tell us of the Road,   4 - Which to discover we must travel too.

  11. Extreme Contrast • 8thrubai 1 - Whether at Naishapur or Babylon,   2 - Whether the Cup with sweet or bitter run,   3 - The Wine of Life keeps oozing drop by drop,   4 - The Leaves of Life keep falling one by one.

  12. 18thrubai 1 - Think, in this batter'd Caravanserai   2 - Whose Doorways are alternate Night and Day,   3 - How Sultan after Sultan with his Pomp   4 - Abode his Hour or two and went his way.

  13. ANALYSIS • Symbolism -HEAVEN- fulfilled desire -HELL- soul on fire 67thrubai Heav'n but the Vision of fulfill'd Desire, And Hell the Shadow of a Soul on fire, Cast on the Darkness into which Ourselves, So late emerg'd from, shall so soon expire.

  14. WINE symbolizes the water of life 43rdrubai And if the wine you drink, the Lip you press End in what All begins and ends in — Yes; Think then you are today what yesterday you were — Tomorrow you shall not be less.

  15. 36thrubai Then to the Lip of this poor earthen urn I lean’d the Secret of my Life to learn And Lip to Lip it murmur’d – “While you live, “Drink! – For once dead you never shall return

  16. MOVING FINGER -symbolizes fate/destiny 70thrubai The Moving Finger writes; and, having writ, Moves on: nor all thy Piety nor Wit Shall lure it back to cancel half a Line, Nor all thy Tears wash out a Word of it.

  17. END. (Thank you)

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