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Chapter 4

Chapter 4. Empire in Transition. Empire in Transition. Chapter 4. SALUTARY NEGLECT. George I. Robert Walpole. Navigation Acts: Laws that control trade and restrict manufacturing in the Colonies. Most government officials in England had never been to America

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Chapter 4

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  1. Chapter 4 Empire in Transition Empire in Transition Chapter 4

  2. SALUTARY NEGLECT

  3. George I

  4. Robert Walpole

  5. Navigation Acts: Laws that control trade and restrict manufacturing in the Colonies

  6. Most government officials in England had never been to America How do you make informed decisions?

  7. Colonial Agents Men who represent a colony and try to influence MPs

  8. The colonial agent for New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Massachusetts and Georgia:

  9. Royal officers in America: • Some good • Some get job thru bribes or family connections • Substitutes hired to go in place of appointee

  10. By 1750 Colonial Assemblies see themselves as mini-Parliaments Claim the power to tax and pass laws

  11. Power of the Purse

  12. Albany Plan: Parliament sets up a government to oversee the colonies and handle common issues such as Indian relations Colonies keep internal power

  13. Who’s idea? BenFranklin

  14. The French in North America

  15. European Wars: King William’s War Queen Anne’s War King George’s War

  16. Iroquois Mohawk Seneca Cayuga Onondaga Oneida

  17. FORTDUQUESNE

  18. Governor Robert Dinwiddie

  19. Col. George Washington

  20. Fort Necessity

  21. Start of: French & Indian War Which turns into Seven Years War

  22. British & Americans have to fight together, but can’t get along British think colonist are, “lowest dregs of humanity” Colonist think British officers are too aristocratic and refuse to drill like British Regulars

  23. Colonist do not fight in classic European style British call it irregular war or American way of war

  24. 3 Phases of the war • Local war in Ohio Valley • War goes to Europe • England wins

  25. Phase 1- Local War England sends new general to defeat French Edward Braddock

  26. Edward Braddock

  27. French Indian War

  28. Phase 2 War spreads to Europe, England suffers several defeats Select a new head of government

  29. William Pitt

  30. Phase 3-England Kicks Butt Fort Duquesne falls Quebec – Wolfe Montreal

  31. Wolfe at Quebec Wolfe at Quebec

  32. Peace of Paris 1763 France off of North America Just some Caribbean islands

  33. Results of French and Indian War

  34. *England’s War Debt *England feels Colonist did little to help *Outside threat gone

  35. *New lands open up *France wants REVENGE !!!

  36. ProblemsforEngland • Debt - £140 million • Indian uprising – Pontiac’s Rebellion • British spending £7000 to collect £2000

  37. George Grenville

  38. *Standing Army *Enforce Nav. Acts *Regulate Expansion *New Revenue

  39. Proclamation Line of 1763

  40. George III

  41. Sugar Act Reduced tax from 6 pence to 3 But, enforced it !

  42. Less than Englishmen Rights imply equality

  43. Virtual Representation

  44. Currency Act of 1764 Colonial Assemblies must recall any paper money issued

  45. Colonies hurt by lack of unity *between colonies *within colonies

  46. Conflict between established areas and frontier Frontier feels underrepresented, over taxed and unprotected

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