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VIRGO experiment Gravitational waves detector

VIRGO experiment Gravitational waves detector. D. Verkindt. First detection of gravitation. Gravitational Waves. First words about gravitational waves. 25 Novembre 1915. A. Einstein, Preussiche Akademie der Wissenschaften, Sitzungsberichte, p. 688 (1916)

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VIRGO experiment Gravitational waves detector

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  1. VIRGO experimentGravitational waves detector D. Verkindt D. Verkindt, LAPP, Virgo

  2. First detection of gravitation D. Verkindt, LAPP, Virgo

  3. Gravitational Waves D. Verkindt, LAPP, Virgo

  4. First words about gravitational waves 25 Novembre 1915 A. Einstein, Preussiche Akademie der Wissenschaften, Sitzungsberichte, p. 688 (1916) A. Einstein, Preussiche Akademie der Wissenschaften, Sitzungsberichte, p. 154-167 (1918) D. Verkindt, LAPP, Virgo

  5. How is created a gravitational wave? E An accelerated electric charge produce an electromagnetic wave e- An asymmetrically accelerated mass produce a gravitational wave D. Verkindt, LAPP, Virgo

  6. The visible effects of a gravitational wave A gravitational wave affects space-time. It modifies the measure of distances. h = DL / L L L+DL D. Verkindt, LAPP, Virgo

  7. Undetectable source of GW : you! h = 10-41at 1 meter D. Verkindt, LAPP, Virgo

  8. Strong sources: stars! Formation d’un trou noir Black holesh = 10-20at0.02 Mpc Supernovaeh = 10-21 at1 Mpc D. Verkindt, LAPP, Virgo

  9. Confirmed source: binary coalescence Un signal bien connu théoriquement h(t) Hz f(t) sec h = 10-21at1 Mpc D. Verkindt, LAPP, Virgo

  10. Binary pulsar 1913+16 - Discovered in 1974 by Hulse and Taylor with Arecibo radio-telescope - Orbital period : 7.7 hours - Distance: 15000 ly - Coalescence in 300 million years R.A. Hulse et J.H.Taylor, The Astrophysical Journal, 195, 1975, L51 Hulse Taylor J.H.Taylor and J.M. Weisberg, « Further experimental tests of relativistic gravity using the binay pulsar 1913+16 », Astrophysical Journal 345, 434-450 (1989) D. Verkindt, LAPP, Virgo

  11. Challenge of gravitational waves detection h = DL / L = 10-21 150 millions kilometers 10-10 meters D. Verkindt, LAPP, Virgo

  12. Interferometric detection IncidentLaser beam Interference fringes D. Verkindt, LAPP, Virgo

  13. Interferometric detection IncidentLaser beam Dark fringe D. Verkindt, LAPP, Virgo

  14. Interferometric detection DL IncidentLaser beam DL Out of dark fringe D. Verkindt, LAPP, Virgo

  15. Interferometric detection of a gravitational wave < 3.10-18 m Gravitational Wave Source: K. Thorne (Ligo) DL = h L < 10-21 3 km D. Verkindt, LAPP, Virgo

  16. VIRGO experiment D. Verkindt, LAPP, Virgo

  17. VIRGO experiment From NASA world wind software (http://worldwind.arc.nasa.gov) D. Verkindt, LAPP, Virgo

  18. VIRGO experiment 3 km arms D. Verkindt, LAPP, Virgo

  19. VIRGO experiment West North D. Verkindt, LAPP, Virgo

  20. VIRGO experiment Vacuum tanks D. Verkindt, LAPP, Virgo

  21. VIRGO experiment Anti-seismic towers D. Verkindt, LAPP, Virgo

  22. VIRGO experiment Mirrors D. Verkindt, LAPP, Virgo

  23. VIRGO experiment Suspended detection bench D. Verkindt, LAPP, Virgo

  24. VIRGO experiment Detection photodiodes D. Verkindt, LAPP, Virgo

  25. VIRGO experiment seismic motion wires thermal noise Nature is noisy! actuators noise pendulum thermal noise phase noise laser noise photodiode shot noise laser D. Verkindt, LAPP, Virgo

  26. VIRGO experiment Sensibilité du détecteur D. Verkindt, LAPP, Virgo

  27. First sensitivity of VIRGO interferometer • septembre 2001 • décembre 2001 • avril 2002 • mai 2002 • juillet 2002 D. Verkindt, LAPP, Virgo

  28. VIRGO experiment run E0 (september 2001) run E4 (july 2002) E 0 D. Verkindt, LAPP, Virgo

  29. VIRGO experiment Control loops From R. Flaminio D. Verkindt, LAPP, Virgo

  30. VIRGO experiment Locking scheme of recombined interferometer Common Mode control loop (low frequency) + + LW BS angular control (Sc_BS_txCmir) Reference cavity + LN Laser BS - 0 B2 B1_ACp B2 phase Differential Mode control loop B2 quad from R. Gouaty D. Verkindt, LAPP, Virgo

  31. VIRGO experiment + PR BS Laser 0 - B5 B2_3f ACp B1 ACp Differential mode B5_ACq Laser frequency control loop (SSFS) B5_ACp Locking scheme of recycled interferometer • B1_ACp used to control the Differential Mode • B5_ACq used to control the Beam Splitter (Michelson mode) • B2_3f_ACp used to control the Recycling cavity length (PR) • B5_ACp used to control laser frequency (Common Mode) from R. Gouaty D. Verkindt, LAPP, Virgo

  32. VIRGO experiment D. Verkindt, LAPP, Virgo from R. Gouaty

  33. Current sensitivity of VIRGO interferometer • C1: Sept 2003 • C4: juil 2004 • C5: dec 2005 D. Verkindt, LAPP, Virgo

  34. VIRGO experiment D. Verkindt, LAPP, Virgo

  35. Other GW interferometric detectors D. Verkindt, LAPP, Virgo

  36. 600 m 3 km 4 km 300 m D. Verkindt, LAPP, Virgo

  37. LIGO experiment LIGO Hanford Observatory (LHO) H1 : 4 km arms H2 : 2 km arms 10 ms LIGO Livingston Observatory (LLO) L1 : 4 km arms D. Verkindt, LAPP, Virgo

  38. LIGO experiment Hanford Livingston D. Verkindt, LAPP, Virgo

  39. Current sensitivy of LIGO interferometers D. Verkindt, LAPP, Virgo

  40. New telescopes: giant interferometers 3 km long…listening to the sky D. Verkindt, LAPP, Virgo

  41. The Future (…2014 ?) LISA project Interferometerinspace D. Verkindt, LAPP, Virgo

  42. A new way to see the Universe Crabe Nebula D. Verkindt, LAPP, Virgo

  43. A new way to see the Universe ? Source: A Weinstein (Ligo) Ondes Gravitationnelles D. Verkindt, LAPP, Virgo

  44. Gravitational waves a new window on the Universe… More informations lapp.in2p3.fr/virgowww.virgo.infn.itwww.ligo.caltech.edu D. Verkindt, LAPP, Virgo

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