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Gaseous exchange in animals and plants

Gaseous exchange in animals and plants. 7 . 5. Respiration. Unbreathed air. nitrogen (78%). oxygen (21%). carbon dioxide (0.03%). 3. Respiration. Breathed air. nitrogen (78%). oxygen (21%). carbon dioxide (0.03%). 4. Respiration. Unbreathed air. Breathed air. less oxygen.

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Gaseous exchange in animals and plants

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  1. Gaseous exchange in animals and plants 7.5

  2. Respiration Unbreathed air nitrogen (78%) oxygen (21%) carbon dioxide (0.03%)

  3. 3 Respiration Breathed air nitrogen (78%) oxygen (21%) carbon dioxide (0.03%)

  4. 4 Respiration Unbreathed air Breathed air less oxygen more carbon dioxide

  5. Respiration energy break down food oxygen support body activities living cell

  6. Respiration Word equation of respiration: carbon dioxide + water + energy food + oxygen

  7. Gaseous exchange in animals oxygen in air carbon dioxide in air remove carbon dioxide from the body taken in gaseous exchange (氣體交換)

  8. 7.15 Experiment video Gaseous exchange in mealworms 1 wire gauze soda lime capillary tube colour marker A mealworm B

  9. 7.15 aIn what way is tube B different from tube A? There is no mealworm in tube B. A B

  10. 7.15 bWhat is the purpose of setting up tube B? To eliminate the changes in the set-ups caused by changes in environmental factors, such as air temperature and pressure. A B

  11. 11 7.15 2 Measure this distance A B

  12. 7.15 2

  13. 7.15 Discussion 1 Which tube contains less gas at the end of the experiment? Tube A.

  14. 14 7.15 2 Try to explain the result in tube A. The mealworms take in ________ and give out ______________. The ______________ is absorbed by soda lime. oxygen carbon dioxide carbon dioxide

  15. 7.15 The gas pressure inside tube A therefore ___________ and becomes ___________ than the atmospheric pressure. decreases lower As a result, the colour marker _____________________________ is pushed towards the boiling tube.

  16. 7.15 3 We should not hold the boiling tubes with our hands during the experiment. Why? The heat energy from our hands will heat up the air inside the tubes and cause the air to expand. This affects the experimental results.

  17. The human respiratory system Humans and most animals have a respiratory system (呼吸系統)for gaseous exchange.

  18. 7.16 3D model Major parts of our respiratory system Identify the major parts of the respiratory system. Label the diagram.

  19. 19 7.16 nasal cavity trachea bronchus bronchiole

  20. 20 7.16 air sac rib intercostal muscle lung diaphragm

  21. The human respiratory system nostrils air nasal cavity trachea

  22. 22 The human respiratory system bronchi air bronchioles air sacs

  23. 23 The human respiratory system lungs are protected by the rib cage (肋骨籃)

  24. 24 The human respiratory system backbone chest bone rib

  25. 25 The human respiratory system intercostal muscles diaphragm

  26. Gaseous exchange in the air sac 3D animation

  27. 27 Gaseous exchange in the air sac carbon dioxide oxygen direction of blood flow air sac capillary

  28. The breathing mechanism Do you know how breathing is brought about?

  29. 7.4 Feeling your breath Take a deep breath. Feel the movement of your ribs.

  30. 30 7.4 aWhich way do your ribsmove when you breathein? They move upwards and outwards.

  31. 31 7.4 bWhich way do your ribsmove when you breathe out? They move downwards and inwards.

  32. 32 The breathing mechanism Movements are brought by the actions of … intercostal muscles diaphragm

  33. 33 a Breathing in rib lung intercostal muscles diaphragm

  34. 34 a Breathing in 1a Intercostal muscles contract. Ribs move upwards and outwards. 1b Diaphragm flattens.

  35. 35 a Breathing in Gas pressure inside it decreases. 2Volume of chest cavity increases.

  36. 36 a Breathing in 3Air is drawn in.

  37. 37 b Breathing out 1a Intercostal muscles relax. Ribs move downwards and inwards.

  38. 38 b Breathing out 1b Diaphragm returns to dome shape.

  39. 39 b Breathing out 2Volume of chest cavity decreases. Gas pressure inside it increases.

  40. 40 b Breathing out 3Air is forced out.

  41. 7.17 Animation Using a model to show the action of the intercostal muscles during breathing B 1 A rubber band rib cage model (肋骨籃模型) C B

  42. 42 7.17 1 Each part represents… ribs B A intercostal muscles C B chest bone backbone

  43. 43 7.17 2 Position X H G measure this length D F E I

  44. 44 7.17 3 Position Y N J M measure this length L K O

  45. 45 7.17 4 Which rubber band, HI or NO, is shorter in length? NO. N H O I

  46. 46 7.17 5In which case, position X or Y, are the intercostal muscles contracting? Position Y Position X

  47. 47 7.17 6Which parallelogram, DEFG or JKLM, is larger in area? J M G D F L K E

  48. 48 7.17 7In which case, position X or Y, is the chest volume greater? Position X Position Y

  49. 49 7.17 8When the model is set from position X to position Y, the rubber band becomes ___________. This represents the intercostal muscles are ___________. shortened contracting

  50. 50 7.17 upwards The ribs, move __________ and the chest volume __________. This is similar to the situation when we are breathing __________. increases in

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