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Identifying Domains and Directories

Learn about domain names, directories, DNS, and URLs, and how they make up web addresses. Discover the importance of domain suffixes and directory structures on the internet.

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Identifying Domains and Directories

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  1. Identifying Domains and Directories What makes up a web address?

  2. DNS • DNS stands for Domain Name Server. The Internet is divided into domains, usually associated with organizations. Like a telephone operator who provides phone numbers on request, a domain name server is a computer providing IP addresses on requested computer names.

  3. DNS cont. • DNS makes it convenient for users to specify names of computers instead of IP addresses. • Computers have a unique number made up of four parts separated by dots: 156.87.44.2 • Without a domain name server you would have to know numbers to identify computers.

  4. Domain Names • Text names corresponding to the numeric IP address of a computer. • Domains typically end with a suffix denoting the type of site: • .com (commercial) • .edu (educational) • .net (network operations) • .gov (US government) • .mil (US military) • .org (organization) • .us (United States) • .xx (refers to another country’s two-letter abbreviation)

  5. Directory • An organized unit for file storage on a computer system. It also is a listing of files residing within such a unit. • Some Web addresses can be very long and complicated as a result of directories, but easy for the developer to track their files.

  6. Some Examples of Web addresses: • A short Web address: • http://www.cnn.com • A longer and complicated Web address: • http://www.egusd.k12.ca.us/franklinhs/TechStandards/default.htm • Generated by a search request: • http://www.amazon.com/Oyster-Farmer-Alex-OLoughlin/dp/B000E1OI8K/ref=pd_bbs_sr_1?ie=UTF8&s=dvd&qid=1202843040&sr=8-1

  7. Web Address (URL) Dissection • http://www.mcsk12.net/admin/tlapages/entry_level_pc_index.htm • http:// - The way that information is transferred by way of the browser. That is known as the protocol. In this case the browser is to use Hyper Text Transfer Protocol. The language of web pages is known as HTML, Hypertext Markup Language. Another common protocol is known as File Transfer Protocol, or ftp://

  8. Web Address (URL) Dissection • http://www.mcsk12.net/admin/tlapages/entry_level_pc_index.htm • www.mcsk12.net/ - The domain name, or location of the computer on the World Wide Web which hosts the page. Once a domain is registered the information provided by that domain must have a host computer where the files are stored. That computer is called a server. Some places are huge collections of servers known as "server farms."

  9. Web Address (URL) Dissection • http://www.mcsk12.net/admin/tlapages/entry_level_pc_index.htm • admin/ - Servers which host huge collections of data must organize that data in directories or file folders. Anything following the domain name which is also followed by a slash is the name of a directory.

  10. Web Address (URL) Dissection • http://www.mcsk12.net/admin/tlapages/entry_level_pc_index.htm • tlapages/- Very large collections of data may require sub-directories, or folders within folders. Your clue that this is a sub directory is the slash following the name. .

  11. Web Address (URL) Dissection • http://www.mcsk12.net/admin/tlapages/entry_level_pc_index.htm • entry_level_pc_index.htm - This is the name of the file, or page, that you are looking at right now. Each file in the directory must have a unique name. Some get very complicated. Spaces should not be in file names, and in this case have been indicated by the underscore character.

  12. Using URLs • A URL can be typed into the location box on your browser. Type carefully, if one character is wrong you will not get to the page. After typing in the URL press the Enter key to go to the page. • If your mouse pointer changes to a hand, you will know you are linking to another page. An image can be used as a link.

  13. Disappearance of Web pages • Web pages disappear from the Internet. • Pages get moved to other servers. • Sometimes you will be redirected to the new location. • You can work backward in a URL. Remove items up to the next slash then press the enter key. You will be directed to another page.

  14. Practice Identifying Domains and Directories. • http://www.sony.com/faq.shtml • http://www.altavista.com/web/adv • http://h20219.www2.hp.com/services/cache/9516-0-0-225-121.aspx

  15. Practice Identifying Domains and Directories. • http://www.visibone.com/products/browserbook.html • www.jklmn.demon.co.uk/ • www.shopireland.ie/dvd/detail/B000BKTB3Q/Pride

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