Civ420-Construction Engineering M1: Equipment Management

1. Civ420-Construction EngineeringM1: Equipment Management Tamer El-Diraby University of Toronto

2. The Module in a Nutshell Equipment operations and management Safety Utilization Technology Equipment productivity Site Conditions Operator Site Layout Maintenance Equipment costs Operation costs Acquisition costs (ownership vs. rental)

3. Resource Management

4. Resource Management (partial)

5. Module 1: Introduction

6. Types of Construction Equip.

7. Very Old

8. Old

9. New

10. Completely new

11. Laser-guided

12. ??? ??? ????? ?? ??????? ???????? 95??? ?????? 45000 ?? ????? ?? ????? 5 ????? ???????? ??????? ????? ????? 100 ????? ????? ??? ??? ????? ?? ??????? ???????? 95??? ?????? 45000 ?? ????? ?? ????? 5 ????? ???????? ??????? ????? ????? 100 ????? ?????

14. Major Issue 1: safety

15. Major Issue 1: safety

16. Major Issue 1: safety

17. Major Issue 1: safety

18. Major Issue 2: Pollution

19. Hybrid Backhoe

20. Module 1: Reading Materials Gransberg, D. D., Popescu, C., and Ryan, R. C. (2006). �Construction Equipment Management for Engineers, Estimators, and Owners:, CRC Press Chapter 2 & 3 Only Free at Google books: http://books.google.com/books?id=__KfMapExTgC Caterpillar performance handbook, Caterpillar Tractor Company [UofT call number TL233.5 .C37] Nunnally, S. W. (1977). �Managing construction equipment� [UofT call number TH900 .N85] or Nunnally, S. W. Construction Methods and Management

21. Module 1: technology and Productivity

22. Earth Moving Equipment Soil and Site Conditions Production estimation

23. Production Equations

24. Soil Volume Characteristics

25. Bank: Material in its natural state. Also called in-place or in-situ. Measurement: BCM Lose: material that has been excavated or loaded. Measurement: LCM Compacted: Material after compaction: Measurement: CCM

26. Production Estimation: Experience and Common Sense

27. Moisture Content

28. Loadability & Trafficability

29. Swell Swell (%) =((density in bank/density in loose) -1) x 100 Example: Bank density: 1661 kg/m3, upon excavation, the loose density became 1186 kg/m3

30. Swell and Shrinkage Factors

31. Pit Excavation: Example

32. Solution

33. Excavating and Lifting Excavators and Crane shovels Draglines Backhoes Clamshells Trenching and Trenchless Technology Cranes

34. Excavation

35. Production Factors: excavators Soil conditions Angle of swing Bucket fill Size Fill factor Cycle Time Job efficiency Operator Site condition Equipment conditions

36. Shovels

37. Shovels

38. Production Estimation: Shovels Soil conditions Angle of swing Bucket fill Size Fill factor Cycle Time Job efficiency Operator Site condition Equipment conditions

39. Excavator Production

40. Example: Shovels

41. Solution: Table, Factors and Formula (Always)

42. Job Management: shovels Swing angle: minimize [how?] Catch all: Lost time during operations Position of truck and shovel use the time between arrivals to set work area Keep an optimum distance between shovel and truck

43. Draglines:

44. Example: Dragline

45. Solution: Table, Factors and Formula (Always) Table or A Formula

46. Job Management: Draglines Trial operations for optimum mix of angle, boom length, bucket size, weight and attachment position. Minimum swing angle Use the lightest bucket possible 15 degrees Catch all: Lost time during operations

47. Backhoe

48. Solution: Table, Factors and Formula (Always)

49. Job Management: Backhoe Optimum mix of angle, boom length, bucket size, weight and attachment position. Minimum swing angle Do not use to hammer rocks-use ripping or light blasting instead Catch all: Lost time during operations

50. Trenching

51. Continuous trenching

52. Trenchless

53. Cranes The crane is the primary machine used for the vertical movement of construction materials

54. Cranes (cont�d)

55. Crawler or Wheel Mount

56. Selection Factors Height of reach required Working envelope Maximum load Time Duty cycle

57. Stability

58. Maximum Load Cranes may fail by two different mechanisms: Structural capacity Stability

59. Nomenclature

60. Mounting Configurations Fixed base - termed a stationary or free standing unit Climbing - lifts itself on the building structure as the work progresses Mobile - crawler and track

61. Fixed Base Some cranes are erected (assembled) to a fixed height by other equipment at the start of the project

62. Fixed Base (cont�d) There are self-erecting cranes which can increase their height as the project progresses

63. Climbing Usually climbs through an opening within the structure Must insure that the structure�s framing has sufficient load carrying capacity to support the add stresses of the combined weight of the crane and the lifted loads

64. Mobile Cranes Mobile - uses pinned jibs extending from special booms that are set vertically

65. Selection The two most critical factors to be considered when selecting a tower crane are required Operating radius Lifting capacity

66. 66 Wind load Tower cranes are wind-sensitive machines because of their high surface contact area Operations should be discontinued when wind velocities exceed the manufacturer�s maximum permissible in-service wind velocity, this is usually in the 25-30 mph range

67. Safety: Cranes

68. Job Management: Cranes