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Background Research and Market Analysis

Background Research and Market Analysis. Ethanol is a bio-based, renewable oxygenated fuel ( Saha ) Used as a fuel oxygenate Lignocellulosic feedstocks need to be utilized 77% of the energy in the carbohydrates of the feedstock is recovered as ethanol (Aden)

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Background Research and Market Analysis

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  1. Background Research and Market Analysis • Ethanol is a bio-based, renewable oxygenated fuel (Saha) • Used as a fuel oxygenate • Lignocellulosic feedstocks need to be utilized • 77% of the energy in the carbohydrates of the feedstock is recovered as ethanol (Aden) • 86% reduction of greenhouse gas emissions would result per gallon of gasoline displaced by lignocellulosic ethanol (Lu) • For 2010 start-up date to be economically feasible, selling price of ethanol must be $1.07 per gallon (Aden) • In the US gasoline currently sells for $2.63 per gallon on average

  2. Process Flow Diagram

  3. Pre-Treatment • Dilute Acid Hydrolysis • Contaminants: • Acetic Acid • Furfural • Hydroxymethyl furfural (HMF) • Contaminant Removal: • Flash • Overliming

  4. References • Aden, A., M. Ruth, K. Ibsen, J. Jechura, K. Neeves, J. Sheehan, B. Wallace, L. Montague, A. Slayton, and J. Lukas. Lignocellulosic Biomass to Ethanol Process Design and Economics Utilizing Co-Current Dilute Acid Prehydrolysis and Enzymatic Hydrolysis for Corn Stover. National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 2002. Print. • Dombek, K. M., and L. O. Ingram. "Ethanol Production during Batch Fermentation with Saccharomycescerevisiae: Changes in Glycolytic Enzymes and Internal pH." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 53.6 (1987): 1286-291. Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, University of Florida, Gainesville. Web. 6 Dec. 2009. • Jin, Yong-Su, Hal Alper, Yea-Tyng Yang, and Gregory Stephanopoulos. "Improvement of Xylose Uptake and Ethanol Production in Recombinant Saccharomycescerevisiae through an Inverse Metabolic Engineering Approach." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 71.21 (2005): 8249-256. Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Web. 4 Dec. 2009. • Lu, Yulin, and Nathan S. Mosier. "Current Technologies for Fuel Ethanol Production from Lignocellulosic Plant Biomass." Genetic Improvement of Bioenergy Crops. Ed. Wilfred Vermerris. Gainesville, FL: Springer, 2008. 161-77. Print. • Watanabe, Seiya, Ahmed Abu Saleh, SeungPil Pack, NarayanaAnnaluru, Tsutomu Kodaki, and Keisuke Makino. "Ethanol Production from xylose by recombinant Saccharomycescerevisiae expressing protein-engineered NADH-preferring xylosereductase from Pichiastipitis." Microbiology 153 (2007): 3044-054. Kyoto University. Web. 6 Dec. 2009. • Saha, Badal C., Loren B Iten, Michael A. Cotta, and Y. Victor Wu. "Dilute acid pretreatment, enzymatic saccharification and fermentation of wheat straw to ethanol." Process Biochemistry 40. (2005): 3693-3700. Web. 23 Nov 2009. <http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6THB4GG8W36&_user=616288&_coverDate=12%2F31%2F2005&_rdoc=1&_fmt=full&_orig=search&_cdi=5278&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_searchStrId=1103726729&_rerunOrigin=scholar.google&_acct=C000032378&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=616288&md5=233641a1566ae099176bcf36cdbe1356#secx1>.

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