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Methamphetamine Abuse

Methamphetamine Abuse. by Jane Ricard EDD-9200-BS4 35590 Trends and Issues Nova Southeastern University March 21, 2009. Introduction - Methamphetamine Abuse. Destroys the health of users ( Cartier, Greenwell & Prendergast, 2008 )

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Methamphetamine Abuse

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  1. Methamphetamine Abuse by Jane Ricard EDD-9200-BS4 35590 Trends and Issues Nova Southeastern University March 21, 2009

  2. Introduction - Methamphetamine Abuse • Destroys the health of users (Cartier, Greenwell & Prendergast, 2008) • Harms children who live in meth labs (Weisheit, 2008) • Injures first responders to lab accidents (Weisheit, 2008) • Costly to prosecute, imprison, and treat (Morton, 2007) • Creates toxic waste sites from manufacturing byproducts (Weisheit, 2008) • Effective treatment modalities are available (Jett, 2007)

  3. Methamphetamine and Its Effects • Methamphetamine stimulates the central nervous system (Weisheit, 2008; Cartier, Greenwell & Prendergast, 2008) • Used by smoking, eating, snorting, or injecting (Weisheit, 2008) • Physical effect - tooth decay and breakage in users. (Morton, 2007) • Increases alertness and suppresses the appetite(Anonymous, 2006; Weisheit, 2008) • Injection users exposed to HIV (Morton, 2007)

  4. Methamphetamine Users • In 2006 that more than 42 million people used methamphetamines (Messina, et al., 2008) • Used mostly in rural areas and the Western United States (Staton-Tindall, et al., 2008; Brown & Ramirez, 2007; Ward, McDonough, Keeva, Tebo, et al., 2006) • Mostly whites, American Indians, and Hispanics (Brown & Ramirez, 2007; Anonymous, 2007; Weisheit, 2008) • 50% used by women (Messina, et al., 2008)

  5. Contributing Factors to Abuse of Methamphetamines • Physical and sexual abuse affects the development of the brain causing it to react more severely to life stressors (Messina, et al., 2008) • Primary predictor for substance abuse is substance abuse by family members (Messina, et al., 2008)

  6. Manufacturing Methamphetamines and Its Dangers • Mostly in rural areas and western United States Messina, et al., 2008) • Manufactured close to where it is sold (Staton-Tindall, et al., 2008; Brown & Ramirez, 2007; Ward, McDonough, Keeva, Tebo, et al., 2006) • Easier to manufacture than heroin or cocaine (Weisheit, 2008)

  7. Manufacturing Methamphetamines and Its Dangers • Dangerous substances used in manufacturing (Weisheit, 2008) • Anhydrous ammonia • Explosive, burns skinand eyes • Swells throat to cut off breathing • lithium that is removed from batteries • Lye that burns skin • Sodium, magnesium, and potassium metals that can explode with exposure to air or water

  8. Manufacturing Methamphetamines and Its Dangers • Children of manufacturers are injured by chemicals and final product (Weisheit, 2008) • Toxic waste from process is illegally dumped (Weisheit, 2008) • Some states now prosecute parents for child abuse when children are found in meth labs (Weisheit, 2008)

  9. Treatments • In short term incarcerations teeth are treated and offender is educated about proper care (Morton, 2007) • Longer term incarcerations make addiction treatment possible (Anonymous, 2006)

  10. Treatments • 1990 California enacted the Substance Abuse And Crime Prevention Act (Jett, 2007) • Focus on community treatment, not imprisonment (Jett, 2007) • Initial appointments happened that day or evening for workers (Jett, 2007) • Childcare provided when needed (Jett, 2007) • Personalized treatment (Jett, 2007) • 34% completion rate (Jett, 2007)

  11. Treatments • 30 months after offenders had completed their treatment taxpayers had saved $4 for every dollar spent in treatment (Jett, 2007) • Proved that methamphetamine addiction could be treated as well as other abused substances (Jett, 2007)

  12. Treatments • Sober Living Houses successful (Polcin, Henderson, 2008) • Encourage 12-Step program participation (Polcin, Henderson, 2008) • No alcohol or drugs are allowed (Polcin, Henderson, 2008) • Factors for success (Polcin, Henderson, 2008) • Active 12-Step program participation • Less underlying mental illness

  13. Conclusions • Methamphetamine abuse is costly to addicts’ health and to taxpayers’ wallets • Education to prevent first use is important due to its severe addictiveness • Treatment programs based on success in California should be duplicated • It is essential to protect children from exposure to drug addiction and from the dangers of meth labs to prevent future addicts

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