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Unit V: The Great Depression and the Americas 1929-39

Unit V: The Great Depression and the Americas 1929-39. Bullet 2 - Nature and efficacy of solutions in the United States: Hoover; Franklin D Roosevelt and the New Deal; critics of the New Deal. Analyse the causes of the Great Depression in one country in the Americas.

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Unit V: The Great Depression and the Americas 1929-39

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  1. Unit V: The Great Depression and the Americas 1929-39 Bullet 2 - Nature and efficacy of solutions in the United States: Hoover; Franklin D Roosevelt and the New Deal; critics of the New Deal

  2. Analyse the causes of the Great Depression in one country in the Americas • Maldistribution of wealth: top .1% has the same amount of $ as bottom 42%. Everyone is earning more, but huge amount for rich, small increase for poor. • US citizens buying luxuries on credit (Ford): Belief in getting rich quick, no work required Stock Market Crash of 1929 • - Two months after the original crash in October, stockholders had lost more than $40 billion dollars. • Smoot-Hawley Tariff - U.S. imports decreased 66% from US$4.4 billion (1929) to US$1.5 billion (1933), and exports decreased 61% from US$5.4 billion to US$2.1 billion, both decreases much more than the 50% decrease of the GDP.

  3. Discuss the impact of the Great Depression on Minorities. • Native Americans • 320,000 Indians living on reservations,1/3 are in severe poverty • Commissioner of Indian Affairs John Collier wanted to help them preserve culture, earn more money, use modern technology and for tribal governments to function for community service and deal with federal Gov’t. • Indian Reorganization Act of 1934: est. tribal governments with powers like those of cities and encourages turning privately held land over to the tribe. 4/90 million returned.

  4. Discuss the impact of the Great Depression on Minorities. • Black Americans • 7 of 8 of Roosevelt’s appointments to the Supreme Court were advocates of civil rights for blacks • Attorney General Frank Murphy created Civil Rights Section of the Justice Department in 1939 • 1935 Executive order 7046 prohibited discrimination in WPA -15-20% were black and $12/week minimum wage was twice what most blacks earned previously

  5. FDR • 32nd President 1933 – 1945 Great Depression + WWII

  6. FDR Inauguration

  7. The New Deal (#1) - March 5th 1933 – Banking Holiday - Securities and Exchange Commission - National Recovery Administration - Civilian Conservation Corp - National Industrial Recovery Act - Agricultural Adjustment Act - Tennessee Valley Authority

  8. 2nd New Deal 1935 Wagner Act: collective bargaining rights, employers can’t interfere with unions National labor relations board Social Security Act Rural Electrification Administration Wealth Tax Act.

  9. The Courts and FDR’s Court Packing Plan

  10. Critics: combine to pose threat to democrats in 1936 election • Huey Long • Charles Coughlin • Dr. Francis Townsend

  11. Conservatives

  12. New Deal Difficulties

  13. New Deal Difficulties • Roosevelt Recession of 1937 • Strikes in the steel and automotive industries in 1937

  14. Minorities and the Depression Women • Tough to get hired • “Women’s” work • Lower Pay • Ideal – at home caring for family

  15. Females in Politics • Frances Perkins • Molly Dewson • Mary Mcleod

  16. Black Americans • Tough to get/keep work • 1932 – 50% unemployed • Loss of jobs once reserved • Lack of Civil Rights Support

  17. Black Americans Scabs Increase of Racist activity Eleanor Roosevelt

  18. “Black cabinet” unofficial The Federal Council of Negro Affairs Republican to Democrat Attorney General Frank Murphy

  19. Native Americans 1/3 in severe poverty John Collier - Commissioner of Indian Affairs Indian Reorganization Act of 1934 - Indian division of CCC

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