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Unit 1: Lesson 2: SPI 0707.7.1 and 0707.Inq.3

Unit 1: Lesson 2: SPI 0707.7.1 and 0707.Inq.3. Identifying Minerals . Today’s Objectives. I will learn and put into practice three of the ways geologists identify minerals. I will begin to learn how to use tables of physical properties to identify minerals.

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Unit 1: Lesson 2: SPI 0707.7.1 and 0707.Inq.3

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  1. Unit 1: Lesson 2: SPI 0707.7.1 and 0707.Inq.3 Identifying Minerals

  2. Today’s Objectives • I will learn and put into practice three of the ways geologists identify minerals. • I will begin to learn how to use tables of physical properties to identify minerals. • I will practice methods used by geologists in the field for determining a minerals streak color. • I will understand the idea of hardness and conduct my own experiment using three materials.

  3. Start-Up Activity • For this experiment you will need three things: • A penny • A Pencil • Your Fingernail • Your objective for this experiment is to determine the hardness of the three materials. Then, construct a chart which lists the items in order of softest to hardest.

  4. Science Journal • Respond to the following question in your science journal • You are on a game show which will reward you with 10,000 dollars if you can correctly identify 10 unknown foods correctly. The catch is you are blindfolded. How will you identify these foods without being able to see them? • Respond in one paragraph

  5. Tools we use to identify Minerals • Geologists use several different tools, or characteristics, to determine the identity of an unknown mineral. Just like we would use several senses to identify a food if we couldn’t see it.

  6. Tools we use to identify Minerals Color Color is the least effective way to identify a mineral. Not only can a mineral come in several different colors but some materials can also be effected by the outside world, like weather.

  7. Tools we use to identify Minerals Luster Luster is the way a surface reflects light. Minerals can have metallic, submetallic, or nonmetallic luster. Luster then is they way a minerals surface reflect light.

  8. Tools we use to identify Minerals Streak Streak is the color of a mineral when it is reduced to powder. We find a minerals streak by rubbing it against an unglazed piece of porcelain, or a streak plate.

  9. Tools we use to identify Minerals Hardness Hardness is the minerals resistance to being scratched. Geologists have come up with what is known as Moh’s Hardness Scale which assigns a numeric value to each mineral that represents how hard it is.

  10. Tools we use to identify Minerals Cleavage and Fracture Different types of minerals break in different ways. The way a mineral breaks is determined by the arrangement of its atoms. Cleavage is when a minerals breaks along smoother or flat surfaces. Fracture is when a minerals breaks unevenly along curved or irregular surfaces.

  11. Tools we use to identify Minerals Density The ratio of the mass of a substance to the volume of the substance.

  12. Science Lab • For this experiment you will need: • Chart Template Worksheet • Assorted Minerals • Streak Plate • Science Journal You have been given an assortment of minerals. It is your job to use your streak plate to record the streak color of each your minerals. When you are done your chart and minerals will be given to another group who will see if they can identify each mineral simply by using your streak color chart.

  13. Exit Ticket • Which is not an example of a mineral identification tool? • A. Luster • B. Location • C. Color • D. Streak • A mineral with a hardness of 7 on Moh’s hardness scale is… • A. softer than a minerals with a hardness of 5. • B. harder than a mineral with a hardness of 8. • C. able to scratch a mineral with a hardness of 9. • D. None of the above.

  14. Exit Ticket • Color is not the best tool for mineral identification because… • A. all minerals are the same color. • B. the powder form of a mineral could be a different color. • C. some minerals have several different colors • D. both B and C. • The difference between cleavage and fracture is… • A. Minerals that fracture break irregularly while minerals with cleavage break smoothly. • B. Minerals that fracture break smoothly while minerals with cleavage break irregularly. • C. Minerals with fracture are harder while minerals with cleavage are softer. • D. No difference.

  15. Exit Ticket • Eli has an unknown mineral. He has determined that the color of the minerals streak is white. He also knows the density is approximately 3 g/cc. Using the chart below determine what mineral Eli has found.

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