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Civil Rights. 19 th century cases. Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857) Plessy v. Ferguson (1896). Voting Barriers. White primary Grandfather clause Poll tax Literacy test. De-Segregation. Brown v. Board of Education (1954) Brown II (1955) Cooper v. Aaron (1958)
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19th century cases • Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857) • Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)
Voting Barriers • White primary • Grandfather clause • Poll tax • Literacy test
De-Segregation • Brown v. Board of Education (1954) • Brown II (1955) • Cooper v. Aaron (1958) • Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg (1971) • Implementation • Milliken v. Bradley (1974) • Washington v. Seattle Schools (1982)
Reverse Discrimination • Univ. California v. Bakke (1978) • Gratz v. Bollinger (2003)
Congressional Action • Status in 1960 • Civil Rights Act of 1964 • Heart of Atlanta Motel v. US (1964) • Civil Rights Act of 1968 • Voting Rights Act of 1965 • Harper v. Virginia (1966) • South Carolina v. Katzenbach (1966)