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Agriculture Sector Performance in Southern Africa

Agriculture Sector Performance in Southern Africa. By Pius Chilonda Sub-Regional Coordinator, ReSAKSS-SA ReSAKSS Africa -Wide Conference on Agriculture: Exploring New Opportunities and Strategic Alternatives to Inform African Agricultural Development, Planning and Policy

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Agriculture Sector Performance in Southern Africa

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  1. Agriculture Sector Performance in Southern Africa By Pius Chilonda Sub-Regional Coordinator, ReSAKSS-SAReSAKSS Africa -Wide Conference on Agriculture: Exploring New Opportunities and Strategic Alternatives to Inform African Agricultural Development, Planning and Policy UNECA, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 23-24 November 2009

  2. Outline of Presentation • Introduction • Role of agriculture and recent trends in the context of SADC RISDP/CAADP/MDG • Concluding remarks

  3. ReSAKSS-SA • As part of the ReSAKSS network, ReSAKSS-SA is supporting CAADP and SADC Regional Indicative Strategic Development Plan (RISDP) by providing analysis and knowledge support for agricultural development, planning and policy for accelerated growth and poverty reduction • Monitoring of agricultural sector performance as expressed in CAADP, SADC RISDP, MDG 1 targets is one of our key activities • Aim is to provide evidence about role and importance of agriculture based on regionally shared goals; therefore build a case for increased investment in the sector

  4. Monitoring CAADP and SADC RISDP targets • A comprehensiveM&E framework has been developed by RESAKSS and informs our work • CAADP • 6% growth in agricultural GDP • 10% budget allocation to agriculture (Maputo declaration) • SADC RISDP – 11 indicators to ensure food security • MDG 1 – hunger and poverty

  5. Main SADC RISDP Agricultural Performance targets • Achieving a GDP growth of at least 7% a year and halving the proportion of the population living on less than US$1 per day between 1990 and 2015 • Doubling cropland under irrigation from 3.5% to 7% as a percentage of the total by 2015 • Increasing fertilizer consumption from 44.6 kilograms per hectare ((kg/ha) of arable land to 65 kg/ha of arable land by 2015 (world average is 98.8 kg/ha) • Increasing cereal yield in kg/ha hectare from an average of 1,392 to 2,000 (world average) by 2015 • Doubling the adoption rate of proven technologies such as improved seed varieties, and management of water and land by 2015 • Increasing livestock production by at least 4% annually

  6. The role of agriculture and recent trends in the context of SADC RISDP, CAADP and MDG1

  7. Human population is still largely rural based Source: World Bank (2009)

  8. Agriculture still employs more people than non-agricultural sectors Source: FAOSTAT (2009) Note: Estimated and Projected -2008-)

  9. Agriculture is most important in 7 low income countries out of 15 SADC countries (2008) % agric. GDP Low income Lower middle income Upper middle income Source: World Bank (2009)

  10. SADC RISDP target (7% GDP growth) SADC wide GDP growth rates impressive since 2003, but yet to reach SADC RISDP target % GDP growth rate Source: World Bank (2009)

  11. … strong GDP growth yet to translate into poverty reduction and improved welfare…… Source: SADC (2008)

  12. Agriculture needs to contribute to more economic growth in order to contribute to poverty reduction Source: World Bank (2009)

  13. Along with SSA, the SADC region has low agricultural value added per worker Source: World Bank (2009)

  14. Progress towards the 6% agriculture GDP CAADP growth target CAADP ag GDP target (6%) Source: FAOSTAT (2008)

  15. Average cereal yield still to reach 2000kg/ha SADC RISDP target SADC RISDP target 2000kg/ha by 2015 Source: FAOSTAT (2008)

  16. Maize productivity relatively flat Source: FAOSTAT (2008)

  17. Livestock production against SADC RISDP target of at least 4% growth per annum 4% growth in livestock production

  18. Net importer of livestock products in value terms Source: FAOSTAT (2008)

  19. Fertilizer consumption yet to achieve SADC RISDP target of 65kg/ha SADC RISDP target 65kg/ha by 2015 Source: SADC (2008)

  20. Progress towards the SADC RISDP target of 7% of area under irrigation SADC RISDP target 7% area under irrigation by 2015 Source: SADC (2008)

  21. Progress towards 10% share of agriculture in public investments 10% Maputo declaration

  22. Percentage of agriculture budgets in national budgets- Malawi

  23. Sub-sector contribution in total agriculture spending - Malawi

  24. Composition of Agricultural Spending: The Case of Zambia Example of Zambia’s 2005 Budget Source: ReSAKSS-SA, MACO (Zambia), MSU (Zambia)

  25. Concluding remarks

  26. Conclusion • There is varying progress in agricultural sector performance, with most targets yet to be met • Challenges still exist: • stabilizing and enhancing agricultural growth rates • increasing budget allocations to the sector and identification of policy and investment options • Increasing agricultural productivity, especially narrowing the yield gaps • Enhancing market access, while taking advantage of regional integration efforts

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