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Research Methodology

CHP400: Community Health Program - lI. gy. What is Research ?. gy. Research Methodology. Mohamed M. B. Alnoor. Research Methodology. What is Research ?. gy. Content. Definition of Research. Steps in conducting Research. gy. Research Objectives. Hypotheses. Title of the study.

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Research Methodology

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  1. CHP400: Community Health Program - lI gy What is Research ? gy Research Methodology Mohamed M. B. Alnoor

  2. Research Methodology What is Research ? gy Content • Definition of Research • Steps in conducting Research gy • Research Objectives • Hypotheses • Title of the study • Take home message

  3. Research Methodology What is Research ? gy The Pontiac Story ! gy

  4. Research Methodology What is Research ? gy Re / Research search Research is the • systematic collection • analysis and • interpretation of data • to answer a certain question or solve a problem. gy

  5. Research Methodology What is Research ? gy Research • demands clear statement of the problem • requires a plan • builds on existing data • should answer the original research question gy

  6. Research Methodology What is Research ? Steps in conducting Research gy Selection / statement of Research Problem Literature review 2 1 3 Formulation of Objectives Report Writing and Presentation 8 gy S t u d y P r o t o c o l Study Methodology 4 gy 7 Data Analysis 5 Proposal submission and approval Field Work 6

  7. Research Methodology What is Research ? gy Identifying Problems for Research Common Research Questions • Description of Health Problem • Magnitude of a health problem/disease • Distribution of the health problem in person, place and time • Identification of risk factors and causes gy

  8. Research Methodology What is Research ? gy Identifying Problems for Research Common Research Questions • Effect of an intervention: Drug, vaccine, risk factor cessation, health education • Evaluation of on-going interventions: Coverage of Target Groups, Quality, Cost, Effect/Impact gy

  9. Research Methodology What is Research ? gy Research Objectives FORMULATION OF RESEARCH OBJECTIVES What are study objectives? The objectives of a research project summarize what is to be achieved by the study. gy The objectives should be closely related to the statement of the problem. eg. the objective should be gy if the problem is gy low utilization of child welfare clinics to identify the reasons for this low utilization. gy

  10. Research Methodology What is Research ? gy Research Objectives Why should research objectives be developed? Formulation of objectives will help to: • Focus the study (narrowing it down to essentials); • Avoid collection of data that are not strictly necessary for understanding and solving the problem; and gy

  11. Research Methodology What is Research ? gy Research Objectives How should you state your objectives? Take care that the objectives of your study: • Use action verbs that are specific enough to be evaluated. eg.: to determine, to compare, to verify, to calculate, to describe, and to establish. • Avoid the use of vague non-action verbs, such as: to appreciate, to understand, or to study. gy

  12. Research Methodology What is Research ? gy Research Objectives Characteristics of Good Objectives SMART • Specific • Measurable • Achievable • Realistic/Relevant • Time-Bound gy

  13. Research Methodology What is Research ? gy Hypotheses: A HYPOTHESIS is a prediction of a relationship between one or more factors and the problem under study, which can be tested. gy

  14. Research Methodology What is Research ? gy Hypotheses: • Based on your experience with the study problem, it might be possible to develop explanations (formulate hypotheses) for the problem in addition to the study objectives. gy

  15. Research Methodology What is Research ? gy Hypotheses: Eg. low utilization of child welfare clinics It would be possible to formulate and test the following hypotheses: gy 1. Utilization of child welfare clinics is lowest in the rainy season due to the high workload of mothers during that period. 2. Utilization of child welfare clinics is lowest in those clinics in which staff are poorly motivated to provide preventive services.

  16. Research Methodology What is Research ? Title of the study gy • The title should be in line with your general objective. • Make sure that it is specific enough to tell the reader what your study is about. gy NOT: “A study of utilization of child welfare clinics” BUT: “A study of the reasons for low utilization of child welfare clinics in District X”

  17. Research Methodology What is Research ? gy Take home message Research Objectives Research Objectives gy Research Objectives Research Objectives Research Objectives Research Objectives

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