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The Digestive System

Created by Danicia Braun. The Digestive System. The Digestive System steps Saliva.

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The Digestive System

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  1. Created by Danicia Braun The Digestive System

  2. The Digestive System stepsSaliva • First imagine this: Your mom has ordered a pizza for dinner and you have gone with her to pick it up. Once the pizza has been in the car for a few moments the whole car smells like the pizza. The smell is so strong you can almost taste it right. Well you almost are because your digestive system is already working. • Once you hit that stage where you can almost taste the food your mouth begins to water. That is your digestive system starting to produce more SALIVA. This also starts when you see food, or think about food. The saliva is essential in the process of the digestive system because it starts to break down the chemicals in the food you are eating.

  3. The Tongue • What does your tongue help with in your digestive system? Well it pushes good around while you chew it. • Then when you are ready to swallow your food the tongue helps to push the chewed food which is called “BOLUS” (say: bow-lus) to the back of your throat and into the opening of your esophagus.

  4. The Esophagus • The food is pushed by the tongue into the next stage of the digestive process which is into the ESOPHAGUS. The esophagus is a stretchy pipe that is approximately 10 inches long. The esophagus moves food from the back of your throat to your stomach. • In the back of your throat along with your esophagus is your windpipe. The wind pipe is where you get your air to come in and out. Well to make sure that the food and liquid you have go down your esophagus in not your windpipe there is a special flap called the EPIGLOTTIS. When you swallow some chewed food or liquid the epiglottis flops down over the opening of the windpipe.

  5. The Esophagus Cont. • The food moves down the esophagus by the muscles in the wall of the esophagus moving in a wavy way to slowly squeeze the food through the esophagus. This wavy muscle is called a PERISTALSIS (say: per-uh-stall-sus). For the food to move all the way through takes about 2 to 3 seconds.

  6. The Stomach • At the end of the esophagus is a muscular ring called a SPHINCTER (say: sfink-ter). This allows food and liquid to enter the stomach but closes shut to keep food and fluid from going back up into the esophagus. • Once in the stomach the stomach muscles mix and stir the food with acids and enzymes. This breaks the food into much smaller, digestible pieces. The stomach needs to be a very acidic environment for the break down of food to take place. There are glands in the stomach lining that produce about three quarts of these digestive juices every day.

  7. Stomach Cont. • When the food is ready to leave the stomach, it has been turned into a thick liquid called CHYME (say: kime). • At the bottom of the stomach there is a muscular tube called a PYLORUS (say: py-lore-us). This tube keeps the chyme in the stomach until it is ready to be passed into the small intestine. Once it is ready the chyme is squirted down into the small intestine, where digestion of food will continue.

  8. Small Intestine • The small intestine is made up of three different parts. The first one is the DUODENUM (say: due-uh-dee-num). The second one is the JEUNUM (say: jih-ju-num), and the third is ileum (say: ih-lee-um). • In the inner wall of the small intestine is lined with millions of tiny microscopic, projections called VILLI (say: vih-lie). These villi are used for the body to absorb some nutrients.

  9. Large Intestine • After the small intestine comes the large intestine. By the time the food has reach the large intestine all the nutrients the body absorbs is finished. • The large intestine’s main job is to remove the remaining water from the undigested matter and form a solid waste, that can be excreted.

  10. Large Intestine Cont. • There are three parts to the large intestine. The first one is the CECUM (say: see-kum). This joins the small intestine and the large intestine together. • The second part is called the APPENDIX. This is a small, hollow pouch that no longer appears to be useful to the digestive process. • The third part is the COLON. This absorbs fluids and salts and then holds the resulting waste. The colon is also connected to the RECTUM which is where feces (waste) is stored.

  11. Some Extra Parts • These few things are not in the digestive tract but do play a role in the digestive system. • The liver: produces bile, which helps the body absorb fat • The gallbladder: bile is stored here • The pancreas: produces enzymes that help digest proteins, fats, and carbohydrates

  12. Some Helpful Sites Click on either of the links below to get some extra information on The Digestive System. • Kids Health : The Real Deal on the Digestive System • Human Digestive System : EnchantedLearning.com

  13. Worksheet and Answers The Digestive System Worksheet Answers to The Digestive System Worksheet Pictures used in the power point were found at Google image. 1.clear.msu.edu:16080/ dennie/clipart/pizza.gif (pizza) 2. www.emc.maricopa.edu/.../ BioBookDIGEST.html ( Esophagus) 3.encarta.msn.com/.../ Large_Intestine.html (Large Intestine)

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