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Antigen Receptors of Lymphocytes

Antigen Receptors of Lymphocytes. Receptors for recognition. Innate immunity. Recognition: molecular patterns. Genes: functional, germline encoded. Presence: multiple copies of different receptors. Distribution: non-clonal distribution

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Antigen Receptors of Lymphocytes

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  1. Antigen Receptors of Lymphocytes

  2. Receptors for recognition Innate immunity Recognition:molecular patterns Genes:functional, germline encoded Presence:multiple copies of different receptors Distribution:non-clonal distribution (same receptor on all cells within a cell line and even on the different lineages) Aquired immunity (T i B lymphocytes) Recognition :molecular details (antigenic determinants) Genes:functional after DNA recombination Presence:multiple copies of the same receptor Distribution:clonal (cells within one clone exhibites receptor of the same specificity)

  3. Antigen Receptors of Lymphocytes - Similiarity T-cell receptor(TCR) Antibody (Immunoglobulin) Membrane Ig Antigen presenting cell On the lymphocyte membrane

  4. Antigen Receptors of Lymphocytes - Similiarity Ig domains On the lymphocyte membrane Members of the immunoglobulin superfamily (domain structure)

  5. Antigen Receptors of Lymphocytes - Similiarity On the lymphocyte membrane Members of the immunoglobulin superfamily (domain structure) Two different chains

  6. Antigen Receptors of Lymphocytes - Similiarity On the lymphocyte membrane Members of the immunoglobulin superfamily (domain structure) Two different chains Variable domains in contact with antigen (encoded by recombined DNA)

  7. Antigen Receptors of Lymphocytes - Similiarity Activation motif On the lymphocyte membrane Members of the immunoglobulin superfamily (domain structure) Two different chains Variable domains in contact with antigen (encoded by recombined DNA) Associated signal transduction molecules Disulphide bond

  8. Antigen Receptors of Lymphocytes - Differences Antibody (Immunoglobulin) T cell receptor (TCR) Antigen presenting cell Membrane Ig Signal trasduction Signal trasduction Recognizes: Free and membrane antigens Protein, polysaccharide, lipid, DNA, RNA Conformational and linear epitopes Recognizes : Antigens on the other cell membrane Peptides only (αβ TCR) Linear epitopes

  9. Antigen Receptors of Lymphocytes - Differences Recognizes: Free and membrane antigens Protein, polysaccharide, lipid, DNA, RNA Conformational and linear epitopes Consists of: 4 polypeptide chains (2H and 2L) Recognizes: Antigens on the other cell membrane Peptides only (αβ TCR) Linear epitopes Consists of: 2 polypeptide chains (αβ or γδ)

  10. Antibody structure Membrane of the B-cell

  11. Nobel prize for physiology and medicine 1972 Gerald M. Edelman Rodney R. Porter "for their discoveries concerning the chemical structure of antibodies"

  12. Antibody structure Antigen binding sites Light chain Light chain Heavy chain Heavy chain Disulphide bonds

  13. Antibody structure – papaindigestion Antibody structure Antigen binding Fab fragments Hinge region Papain Fc fragment Interaction with other participants in the immune Response (cells, complement)

  14. Antibody structure – pepsindigestion Antigen binding F(ab)2 fragment Pepsin

  15. T-cell receptor Contact amino acid Polymorphic parts of MHC molecule Anchoring amino acids MHC groove Peptide

  16. TCR BCR • Recognition without • requirement for co-receptor molecules • Co-receptor molecules (CD4/CD8) required T-cell receptor (TCR) Immunoglobulin (Ig) Peptide

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