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Chapter 15

Chapter 15. Immigrants and Urbanization. Next Two Weeks. Next Week Mon/Tues of Next Week Review for performance final and final exam BRING YOUR BOOKS AND NOTES FOR THE REST OF CLASS Wed – Performance Final Thurs – Review for Ch. 13-15 Test/Review for Final

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Chapter 15

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  1. Chapter 15 Immigrants and Urbanization

  2. Next Two Weeks • Next Week • Mon/Tues of Next Week • Review for performance final and final exam • BRING YOUR BOOKS AND NOTES FOR THE REST OF CLASS • Wed – Performance Final • Thurs – Review for Ch. 13-15 Test/Review for Final • Fri – Ch. 13-15 Test/Review for Final • Final Exam Week • Mon – Review for Final • Thurs - Final

  3. Essential Questions What caused the immigration boom in the late 19th/early 20th Centuries? What were living conditions like for immigrant communities?

  4. Why did the come? • Why do you think? • Who came?

  5. Immigration and Unions

  6. Europeans • 1870–1920, about 20 million Europeans arrive in U.S. • Many flee religious persecution: Jews driven from Russia by pogroms • Population growth results in lack of farmland, industrial jobs • Reform movements, revolts influence young who seek independent lives

  7. Life in the new land! Ellis Island—chief U.S. immigration station, in New York Harbor Immigrants given physical exam by doctor; seriously ill not admitted Inspector checks documents to see if meets legal requirements 1892–1924, about 17 million immigrants processed at Ellis Island

  8. Statue of Liberty Inscription "Give me your tired, your poor, Your huddled masses yearning to breathe free, The wretched refuse of your teeming shore.Send these, the homeless, tempest-tost to me,I lift my lamp beside the golden door!"

  9. Nativist Movement Nativism—overt favoritism toward native-born Americans Nativists believe Anglo-Saxons superior to other ethnic groups 1882, Chinese Exclusion Actbans entry to most Chinese San Francisco segregates Japanese schoolchildren “Non-English Speaking are not allowed!”

  10. Essential Questions What was urbanization? How did it change how we live in America?

  11. Urbanization Industrialization leads to urbanization, or growth of cities Most immigrants settle in cities; get cheap housing, factory jobs

  12. Migration to Cities • Farm technology decreases need for laborers; people move to cities • Many African Americans in South lose their livelihood • 1890–1910, move to cities in North, West to escape racial violence (THE GREAT MIGRATION) • Find segregation, discrimination in North too • Competition for jobs between blacks, white immigrants causes tension

  13. Urban Problems Water Supply Sanitation/Sewage Fire Crime

  14. Essential Questions What were politics like in the Gilded Age? How did this lead to the Progressive Era?

  15. The Political Machine Political machine—organized group that controls city political party Give services to voters, businesses for political, financial support After Civil War, machines gain control of major cities Machine organization: precinct captains, ward bosses, city boss

  16. Boss Tweed and Tammany Hall • 1868 William M. Tweed, or Boss Tweed, heads Tammany Hall in NYC • Leads Tweed Ring, defrauds city of millions of dollars

  17. Assassination of James Garfield • 1880, Republican independent James A. Garfield wins election • Stalwart Chester A. Arthur is vice-president • Garfield gives patronage jobs to reformers; is shot and killed

  18. Review Where did most immigrants land when they got to the U.S.? Why did they come? Why do they still come? What is urbanization? What were some of the problems?

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