Career of Chiang Kai SHek

1. Career of Chiang Kai SHek

2. The beginning years • Chiang was born in Xikou, October 31 1887 • Chiang's father, Jiang Zhaocong (蔣肇聰), and mother, Wang Caiyu (王采玉), were members of an upper-middle to upper-class family of salt merchants. • Chiang's father died when he was only eight years of age, and he wrote of his mother as the "embodiment of Confucian virtues".

3. Start of military career • Prepared for a military career first in China • Went to Japan in 1907 • Served in the Japanese Army 1909-11 whose ideals he admired and adopted • Returned upon hearing about revolutionary outbreaks in China after learning of the outbreak of the Wuchang Uprising, Chiang intended to fight as an artillery officer.

4. Return to china • Appointed as a commander and took part in the fighting that led to the overthrow of the manchu govt. • Lost control to Yuan Shi Kai and fled to japan after a failed second revolution • He returned to take part in the ‘third revolution’ which removed Yuan from power • Joined the Guomingdang in 1918 and attempted to unify the warlords in northern china but failed

5. IN 1923, CKS went to the Soviet Union to study about the Red army and the Communist party • When he returned to China, he became the commandant of the military academy in Whampoa established along Soviet lines • Succeeded Sun YatSen in 1925 (Commander in Chief) and managed to drive the warlords out by 1928

6. Neutralizing the warlords 1926-1928 • Led a campaign against the warlords in an attempt to unify china • Succeeded in neutralizing them but not eliminating them • During the campaign, his use of the power of propaganda in addition to military force won over the masses

7. Removal of communists • Moscow continued to support CKS until he broke with the communists in a bloody incident in 1927 • Chiang decided that GMD should rid itself of the communist • Growing closer personally and politically to the right wing of the GMD and the upper class, sympathize with them • All communists were expelled from the GMD • ‘Purification movement’ was launched • Marriage to Soong Maylin, a christian, and his conversion to christianity resulted in the rift between GMD and CCP growing even larger

8. 1937 Sino Japanese war • broke out in July 1937 • The Chinese offered some resistance, but later withdrew from the war because they wanted to crush the communists • In addition, he burned cities and towns he retreated from, taking a lot of civilian lives • This lost him much popular support among the masses

9. 1946 Civil war • Civil war resumed in 1946 • By 1949, Chiang lost continental China • People’s Republic of Chinaestablished in the mainland • Lost due to corruption of government, increasing inflexibility, lack of responsiveness to popular feeling, preference for loyalty rather than ability amongst his men • Fled with nationalist government to Taiwan • Continued to fight with the communists

10. Chiang’s Final years • 1955 US signed an agreement with Chiang’s nationalist government guaranteeing its defense • However, this collapsed in 1972 when the US and the PRC became reconciled • Died on April 5, 1975 in Taiwan

11. Chiang’s scandals • He didn’t like Western toilets • His second marriage was to a woman he chased when he was 32 and she was 13 and who later got a doctorate at Columbia University in New York.

12. THAnks GUYS  • -Lan Yixiang (9) • Ong Han Yang (14) • SukritJaiswal (22)