Section 4 Catholics and Protestants

Section 4 Catholics and Protestants Chapter 17

Counter Reformation • 1500’s and 1600’s Catholic Church set out to defeat Protestantism and convince people to return to the Church • This triggered a series of bloody wars in Europe and Protestant rulers • Pope Paul III, called the Council of Trent, which set up strict rules for how bishops and priests should behave • In 1540 he recognized a new order of priests, the Society of Jesus , they taught , preached and fought heresey (religious belief that contradicts what the Church says is true)

The Religious Wars in France • Calvinism spread in France , French protestants were known as Huguenots • Bourbon Family, 2nd most powerful family, ruled a kingdom in Southern France Navarre • Huguenots wanted to weaken the king so they can practice their religion freely • The king, Henry II, wanted to build a strong central government

Say what…your mom? • Henry II died in 1559 • Son, Francis II died the following year • So this means Francis II, 10 year old brother was now king • SAY WHAT??? • Charles was too young so mom  ran the government for him, Catherine de’ Medici • Mom believed that the Huguenots were a threat to the king’s power so in 1562 a civil war began…

Henry IV • In 1589 Henry of Navarre , the leader of the Huguenots and head of the Bourbon family became Henry IV of France • Catholics would NOT accept a Protestant as a king, so Henry IV made a famous deal he agreed to become Catholic so the French people would accept him as king

Thirty Year’s War • Worst religious war in the Reformation Era was fought in the Holy Roman Empire in 1600s • War began in Bohemia (Czech Republic), Protestant nobles rebelled against the Catholic king, other Protestant kings in Germany decided to help, the war expanded throughout the empire • Lasted 30 years 1618-1648 • War of kingdoms: France, Sweden, Denmark, England, and Netherlands sent troops

Thirty Year’s War cont’d • Spain and the Holy Empire had France’s back • Town fought town, when done only wolves were found where the towns used to be • War weakened Spain and helped make France one of Europe’s most powerful countries

The English Reformation • Discovery Learning Video “The Reformation in England” 7:34 Who was Henry VIII?

Who was Bloody Mary? • Church of England AKAAnglican Church • It kept most of the rituals and sacraments of the Catholic Church but many English Catholic were NOT HAPPY • They backed Henry VIII daughter Mary when she became Queen Mary I in 1553, she restored the church and arrested Protestants who opposed her • She burned 300 people at the stake, people were horrified and called her Bloody Mary • Ruled for about 5 years and died • Half sister took over Queen Elizabeth I, became one of the greatest rulers in history

How Did Calvinism Affect England? • Discovery Learning Video “The First Protestants” 2:16

Missionaries Go Overseas • As part of the Counter-Reformation, Catholic kingdoms began sending missionaries overseas to convert people to Christianity.  Success in Philippine Islands  Banned in Japan by the Japanese Shogun, they believed in Buddhism and Shintoism

Section 4 Catholics and Protestants