Graphic Organizer Study Guide

1. Graphic Organizer Study Guide

3. The Circulatory System Structure and Function

4. Function: The function of the circulatory system is to deliver vital substances to all cells in the body and to remove their waste products.

5. There are 3 types of circulation: 1) Pulmonary Circulation carries the blood back and forth between the heart and the lungs.

6. 2) Coronary Circulation brings oxygen and nutrients to the heart tissue, then removes waste products.

7. 3) Systemic Circulation takes place in the arteries, veins, and capillaries. It is responsible for transporting blood to and from all of the body’s cells.

8. Structure There are 3 main parts in the circulatory system: 1) The Heart

9. 2) The Blood Vessels

10. 3) The Blood

11. The Heart

12. Structure:The heart has 4 chambers. The 2 top chambers that receive blood are called atria. A The 2 bottom chambers that pump blood are called ventricles. A V V

13. The valves control blood flow. The septum divides the heart into the left and right sides. aorta LA RA LV RV septum

14. The right side of the heart receives oxygen-poor blood from the body’s cells. This blood contains carbon dioxide, CO2. The left side of the heart receives oxygen-rich blood from the lungs.

15. Function of the Heart The heart’s job is to pump blood to the lungs and to all tissues, organs, and cells in the body. Blood leaves the left ventricle of the heart through the aorta, the largest artery in the body. aorta

16. Blood Vessels There are 3 types of blood vessels:

17. 1) Arteries - vessels with thick, elastic walls made of smooth muscle tissue - they carry bloodaway from the heart and to the body’s cells - blood is oxygen-rich - aorta is largest artery - clogged arteries can lead to a heart attack

18. 2) Veins- carry blood filled with CO2 & wastes from the cells - carry blood back to the heart, then lungs- veins contain one-way valves to prevent blood from flowing backwards- the largest vein in the body is the vena cava

19. 3) Capillaries- walls are only one cell thick- nutrients and oxygen diffuse thru capillary walls and into individual cells - they connect arteries to veins- they are known as “distribution pipes”

20. BLOOD

21. The Composition of Blood Plasma is the liquid part of the blood. It is mostly water.(90%) Composition of Blood Red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets make up the solid portion of blood.

22. 3 Blood Solids 1) Red Blood Cells(erythrocytes) - RBC’s carry oxygen - RBC’s are disc-shaped cells w/out a nucleus - RBC’s contain hemoglobin (iron) - RBC’s are the most numerous blood cell - they live about 120 days - bone marrow produces 2 – 3 million RBC’s per second ! !

23. 2) White Blood Cells(leukocytes) - WBC’s are round and rough- WBC’s attack bacteria, viruses, and other invaders white blood cells attacking and destroying bacteria white blood cell red blood cells

24. 3)Platelets(thrombocytes) - are small, irregular cell fragments- they control the blood clotting process RBC platelets WBC

25. How does blood clot? Platelets stick to both the wound and to the ends of the damaged blood vessels. Thread-like fibrin is released and forms a stickynet.

26. The fibrin net traps plasma and blood cells. fibrin webs This stops them from escaping the wound and forms a clot.

27. The injured area dries and becomes a scab. scab scab The skin repairs itself and the scab falls off.

28. Answers to Graphic Organizer/Study Guide